Method of scattering fine particles, method of manufacturing liquid crystal display, apparatus for scattering fine particles, and liquid crystal display

A method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising

• spraying spacers onto at least one of a first substrate comprising at least pattern-forming transparent electrodes and a dummy electrode and a second substrate to be disposed opposedly above the first substrate
• and filling a liquid crystal into the space between both the substrates,
• wherein, in spraying positively or negatively charged spacers onto the substrate, two or more voltages differing in voltage value are applied to respective transparent electrodes and the dummy electrode as well,
• the predetermined transparent electrode gaps in which spacers are to be selectively disposed are provided between respective two neighboring transparent electrodes,
• the number of transparent electrodes is even,
• and the two or more voltages differing in value are applied in a manner such that when the spacer charge polarity is positive (+), the lowest of the two or more voltages differing in value is applied to the respective two neighboring transparent electrodes between which spacers are to be disposed in the middle, and when the spacer charge polarity is negative (−), the highest of the two or more voltages differing in value is applied to the respective two neighboring transparent electrodes between which spacers are to be disposed in the middle.

A method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising

• spraying spacers onto at least one of a first substrate comprising at least pattern-forming transparent electrodes and a dummy electrode and a second substrate to be disposed opposedly above the first substrate
• and filling a liquid crystal into the space between both the substrates,
• wherein, in spraying positively or negatively charged spacers onto the substrate, the substrate is disposed in close contact with an earthed conductive stage, and
• a conductor is provided in a state electrically insulated from the conductive stage,
• said conductor being a conductive frame having an opening,
• said conductor frame being disposed on the periphery of the substrate with or without partial overlapping with the substrate periphery,
• and wherein a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes and the conductive frame.

A method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising

• spraying spacers onto at least one of a first substrate comprising at least pattern-forming transparent electrodes and an alignment layer and having at least one display area and a second substrate to be disposed opposedly above the first substrate
• and filling a liquid crystal into the space between both the substrates,
• wherein, in spraying positively or negatively charged spacers onto the substrate, the substrate is disposed in close contact with an earthed conductive stage,
• a voltage having the same polarity as the spacer charge polarity is applied to the transparent electrodes on the substrate,
• a conductor is provided, outside the display area, in a state electrically isolated from the conductive stage,
• and a voltage having the same polarity as the polarity of the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes is applied to the conductor to thereby form almost the same electric field within and without the substrate.

A method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising

• spraying spacers onto at least one of a first substrate comprising at least pattern-forming transparent electrodes and an alignment layer and having one or more display areas and a second substrate to be disposed opposedly above the first substrate
• and filling a liquid crystal into the space between both the substrates,
• wherein, in spraying positively or negatively charged spacers onto the substrate, the substrate is disposed in close contact with an earthed conductive stage smaller in size than the substrate to allow the substrate periphery to be apart from the conductive stage,
• and a voltage of the same polarity as the spacer charge polarity is applied to the transparent electrodes on the substrate.

A particle sprayer for disposing charged particles selectively on a substrate having a plurality of electrodes

• which comprises a nozzle for spraying charged particles onto the substrate,
• a conductive stage having a fixed position and serving to hold the substrate onto which charged particles are to be sprayed,
• a plurality of push-up pins for mounting the substrate on and dismounting the substrate from the conductive stage,
• a probe for applying a voltage identical in polarity with the charged particles to a plurality of electrodes on the substrate disposed on the conductive stage,
• and a conductor is electrically insulated from the conductive stage,
• said conductor being a conductive frame provided with an opening smaller in size than the substrate,
• being disposed on the top of the substrate disposed on the conductive stage,
• and being applied a voltage of the same polarity as the charged particle polarity thereto.