Apparatus and method for measuring optical characteristics of teeth

#The present invention relates to devices and methods for measuring optical characteristics such as color spectrums, translucence, gloss, and other characteristics of objects such as teeth, and more particularly to devices and methods for measuring the color and other optical characteristics of teeth or other objects or surfaces with a hand-held probe that presents minimal problems with height or angular dependencies.

#A need has been recognized for devices and methods of measuring the color or other optical characteristics of teeth and other objects in the field of dentistry. Various color measuring devices such as spectrophotometers and colorimeters are known in the art. To understand the limitations of such conventional devices, it is helpful to understand certain principles relating to color. Without being bound by theory, Applicants provide the following discussion. In the discussion herein, reference is made to an “object,” “material,” “surface,” etc., and it should be understood that in general such discussion may include teeth as the “object,” “material,” “surface,” etc.

#The color of an object determines the manner in which light is reflected from the object. When light is incident upon an object, the reflected light will vary in intensity and wavelength dependent upon the color of the object. Thus, a red object will reflect red light with a greater intensity than a blue or a green object, and correspondingly a green object will reflect green light with a greater intensity than a red or blue object.

#The present invention may be more fully understood by a description of certain preferred embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings in which:

#FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

#FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of a probe that may be used in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention;

#The present invention will be described in greater detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments and certain other embodiments, which may serve to further the understanding of preferred embodiments of the present invention. At various places herein, reference is made to an “object,” “material,” “surface,” etc., for example. It should be understood that an exemplary use of the present invention is in the field of dentistry, and thus the object typically should be understood to include teeth, dentures or other prosthesis or restorations, dental-type cements or the like or other dental objects, although for discussion purposes in certain instances reference is only made to the “object.” As described elsewhere herein, various refinements and substitutions of the various embodiments are possible based on the principles and teachings herein.

#With reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary preferred embodiment of a color/optical characteristic measuring system and method in accordance with the present invention will be described. It should be noted that, at various places herein, such a color measuring system is sometimes referred to as an intraoral reflectometer, etc.

#Probe tip 1 encloses a plurality of fiber optics, each of which may constitute one or more fiber optic fibers. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber optics contained within probe tip 1 includes a single light source fiber optic and a number of groups of light receiver fiber optics. The use of such fiber optics to measure the color or other optical characteristics of an object will be described later herein. Probe tip 1 is attached to probe body 2, on which is fixed switch 17. Switch 17 communicates with microprocessor 10 through wire 18 and provides, for example, a mechanism by which an operator may activate the device in order to make a color/optical measurement. Fiber optics within probe tip 1 terminate at the forward end thereof (i.e., the end away from probe body 2). The forward end of probe tip 1 is directed towards the surface of the object to be measured as described more fully below. The fiber optics within probe tip 1 optically extend through probe body 2 and through fiber optic cable 3 to light sensors 8, which are coupled to microprocessor 10.