Alkali-transition metal phosphates having a 'valence non-transition element and related electrode active materials

An electrode active material comprising a compound of the formula

• AaM′cM″dPO4
• wherein
• (a) A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a≦2
• (b) M′ is at least one metal which is capable of oxidation to a higher valence state, where c>0;
• and
• (c) M″ is one or more non transition metals, comprising one or more +3 oxidation state non-transition metals, where d>0;
• and
• wherein (c+d)<2, and M′, M″, a, c, and d, are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of said compound.

An electrode active material comprising a compound of the formula

• LiaM1eM2fM3gXY4
• wherein
• (a) 0<a≦2;
• (b) M1 is one or more transition metals, where e>0;
• (c) M2 is one or more +2 oxidation state non-transition metals, where f>0;
• (d) M3 is one or more +3 oxidation state non-transition metals, where g>0;
• and
• (e) XY4 is selected from the group consisting of X′O4−xY′x, X′O4−yY′2y, X″S4, and mixtures thereof, where X′ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, S, and mixtures thereof;
• X″ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V and mixtures thereof;
• Y′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, S, N, and mixtures thereof;
• 0≦x≦3;
• and 0<y≦2;
• and
• wherein (e+f+g)<2, and M1, M2, M3, XY4, a, e, f, g, x, and y are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of said compound.

An electrode active material comprising a compound having an olivine structure, of the formula

• LiM(PO4−xY′x)
• wherein M is M1gM2hM3iM4j, and
• (a) M1 is one or more transition metals;
• (b) M2 is one or more +2 oxidation state non-transition metals;
• (c) M3 is one or more +3 oxidation state non-transition metals,
• (d) M4 is one or more +1 oxidation state non-transition metals;
• and
• (e) Y′ is halogen;
• and
• each of g and i>0;
• each of h and j≧0;
• (g+h+i+j)≦1, and 0≦x≦0.5.