Methods and apparatuses for handwriting recognition
AssigneesApple Computer, Inc., Institute of Systems Science, National University of Singapore
InventorsGareth H. Loudon, Yi-Min Wu, James A. Pittman
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Method and apparatus for handwriting recognition system for ideographic characters and other characters based on subcharacter hidden Markov models. The ideographic characters are modeled using a sequence of subcharacter models and by using two-dimensional geometric layout models of the subcharacters. The subcharacter hidden Markov models are created according to one embodiment by following a set of design rules. The combination of the sequence and geometric layout of the subcharacter models is used to recognize the handwriting character.
Claims53
A method of recognizing a handwritten character comprising:
- comparing a handwritten input to a first model of a first portion of said character;
- comparing said handwritten input to a second model of a second portion of said character, said second portion of said character having been defined to follow in time said first portion.
A method for recognizing a handwritten character comprising:
- comparing a first geometric feature of a first portion of a character to a first geometric model of said first portion;
- comparing a second geometric feature of a second portion of said character to said first geometric model of said first portion.
A method of recognizing a handwritten character comprising:
- receiving an input of said handwritten character, wherein said handwritten character is written with multiple strokes;
- preprocessing said input to provide a one-stroke written representation of said handwritten character.
A method of creating a database of radicals for use in handwriting recognition of a handwritten character, said method comprising:
- storing a first model in a computer readable storage medium for a first portion of said character;
- storing a second model in said computer readable storage medium for a second portion of said character, wherein said first portion comprises a first portion of a recognized radical and said second portion comprises a second portion of said recognized radical, wherein said first portion is normally written first and then at least another portion of another recognized radical is written and then said second portion is written.
A method of creating a database of radicals for use in handwriting recognition, said method comprising:
- storing a first model in a computer readable storage medium for a first recognized radical;
- storing a second model in said computer readable storage medium for said first recognized radical, said first recognized radical having different shapes depending on the use of said first recognized radical in a character.
A method of creating a database of radicals for use in handwriting recognition of a handwritten character, said method comprising:
- storing a first hidden Markov model in a computer readable storage medium for a first portion of said character;
- storing a second hidden Markov model in said computer readable storage medium for a second portion of said character, wherein said second hidden Markov model having been defined as following in time said first hidden Markov model.
A digital processing system comprising:
- an input tablet for inputting handwritten characters;
- a bus coupled to said input tablet;
- a processor coupled to said bus;
- a memory coupled to said bus, said memory storing a first model of a first portion of a character desired to be recognized, and storing a second model of a second portion of said character, said memory storing said second model such that said second model is defined to follow in time said first model.
A digital processing system comprising:
- an input for inputting handwritten characters;
- a bus coupled to said input;
- a processor coupled to said bus;
- a memory coupled to said bus, said memory storing a first model for a first recognized radical and storing a second model for said first recognized radical, said first recognized radical having different shapes depending on the use of said first recognized radical in a character.
A computer readable storage medium containing executable computer program instructions which when executed by a digital processing system cause the system to perform the steps of:
- comparing a first geometric feature of a first portion of a character to a first geometric model of said first portion;
- comparing a second geometric feature of a second portion of said character to said first geometric model of said first portion.
A computer readable storage medium containing executable computer program instructions which when executed by a digital processing system cause the system to perform the steps of:
- comparing a handwritten input to a first model of a first portion of a character;
- comparing said handwritten input to a second model of a second portion of said character, said second portion of said character having been defined to follow in time said first portion.
An apparatus for recognizing a handwritten character comprising:
- means for comparing a handwritten input to a first model of a first portion of said character;
- and
- means for comparing said handwritten input to a second model of a second portion of said character said second portion of said character having been defined to follow in time said first portion.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.