Compositions comprising dimeric or oligomeric ferrocenes
AssigneeInnospec Limited
InventorsStephen Leonard Cook, Werner Kalischewski, Gabriele Lohmann, Armin Marschewski
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to iron-organo compounds and the use of such compounds in the regeneration of particulate filter traps in combustion systems such as high-compression spontaneous ignition engines. The iron-organo compounds have the formula X-Y where X represents the group of formula 1 Y represents the formula 2 each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring; the or each Z is independently an unsubstituted or substituted divalent hydrocarbyl group; n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 10.
Claims53
A composition, which comprises:
- i) one or more compound of formula (I):
- X—Y (I)
- where:
- X represents the group of formula (II):
- 9
- Y represents the group of formula (III):
- 10
- each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring;
- the or each Z is independently an unsubstituted or substituted divalent hydrocarbyl group;
- n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 10;
- with the proviso that the compound of formula (I) does not have the formula (IV):
- 11
- where R5 or R6 and R7 or R8 are ethyl;
- and
- ii) a diluent or carrier;
- and
- wherein said one or more compound of formula (I) is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least 1 wt. % of iron, based on the weight of the composition.
A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein Z, when n is 0, or one or more of the Z groups, when n is from 1 to 10, is substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkyl groups, substituted alkyl groups and groups having the formula (V).
- 12
- wherein:
- each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring;
- each P, when present, is independently an unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl group;
- and
- m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 10.
A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein one or more of A and/or one or more of B is substituted with one or more substituents selected from, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl groups.
15 A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring containing, in the heterocyclic ring, one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N and S.
A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring, or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring, containing from 3 to 10 atoms in the ring.
A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein A and B are the same.
A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the compound of formula (1) is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least 2 wt. % of iron, based on the weight of the composition.
A method of regenerating a particle filter trap located in the exhaust system of a combustion system for fuel, which comprises contacting carbon-based particulates, present in the particle filter trap, with combustion products of a composition as defined in any preceding claim.
A composition, which comprises:
- i) one or more compound of formula (I):
- X—Y (I)
- where:
- X represents the group of formula (II):
- 15
- Y represents the group of formula (III):
- 16
- each A and B is independently an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic carbon ring or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring;
- the or each Z is independently an unsubstituted or substituted divalent hydrocarbyl group;
- n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 10;
- and
- ii) a diluent or carrier;
- and
- wherein said one or more compound of formula (I) is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least 1 wt. % of iron, based on the weight of the composition.
Use of a composition as claimed in 34 as an additive to fuel for decreasing the regeneration temperature of a particle filter trap located in the exhaust system of a combustion system for the fuel.
Use of geminal bisferrocenylalkanes as an additive for liquid fuels for operation of high compression spontaneous ignition engines with downstream particle filter systems.
A composition substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.
A method of regenerating a particle filter trap substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.
A use substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.