Alkoxylated triazine emulsion compositions for fuel cell reformer start-up
AssigneeExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company
InventorsRamesh Varadaraj, Paul Joseph Berlowitz
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Abstract
The present invention relates to emulsion compositions for starting a reformer of a fuel cell system. In particular, the invention includes emulsion compositions comprising hydrocarbon fuel, water and alkoxylated triazine surfactants for starting a reformer of a fuel cell system.
Claims23
In a fuel cell system comprising a reformer to produce a hydrogen containing gas for use in a fuel cell stack, the improvement comprising:
- feeding to the reformer, at start-up, an emulsion composition comprising,
- at least 40 wt % of hydrocarbon,
- from 30 to 60 wt % of water, and
- from 0.01 to 5 wt % of at least one alkyl alkoxylated triazine surfactant represented by the formula
- 4
- wherein R is (M-O)n—R′, R′ is an alkyl hydrocarbon of about 6 to 26 carbons, n is an integer from about 1 to 50, M is CH2—CH2, CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—CH3, CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—(CH3)—CH2 or mixtures thereof.
A method to prepare a bicontinuous emulsion comprising a coexisting mixture of 60 to 40 vol % of a water-in-hydrocarbon macro-emulsion and from 40 to 60 vol % of a hydrocarbon-in-water macro-emulsion the method comprising:
- mixing at mixing energy in the range of 0.15×10−5 to 0.15×10−3 kW/liter of fluid
- at least 40 wt % of hydrocarbon,
- from 30 to 60 wt % of water, and
- from 0.01 to 5 wt % of at least one alkyl alkoxylated triazine surfactant represented by the formula
- 5
- wherein R is (M-O)n—R′, R′ is an alkyl hydrocarbon of about 6 to 26 carbons, n is an integer from about 1 to 50, M is CH2—CH2, CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—CH3, CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—(CH3)—CH2 or mixtures thereof.
A bicontinuous emulsion comprising a coexisting mixture of at least 60 to 40 vol % of a water-in-hydrocarbon macro-emulsion and from 40 to 60 vol % of a hydrocarbon-in-water macro-emulsion, prepared by mixing at mixing energy in the range of 0.15×10−5 to 0.15×10−3 kW/liter of fluid
- at least 40 wt % of hydrocarbon,
- from 30 to 60 wt % of water, and
- from 0.01 to 5 wt % of at least one alkyl alkoxylated triazine surfactant represented by the formula
- 6
- wherein R is (M-O)n—R′, R′ is an alkyl hydrocarbon of about 6 to 26 carbons, n is an integer from about 1 to 50, M is CH2—CH2, CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—CH3,CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—(CH3)—CH2 or mixtures thereof.
A method for preventing corrosion of a metal surface comprising contacting the metal surface with an emulsion comprising:
- at least 40 wt % of hydrocarbon,
- from 30 to 60 wt % of water, and
- from 0.01 to 5 wt % of at least one alkyl alkoxylated triazine surfactant represented by the formula
- 7
- wherein R is (M-O)n—R′, R′ is an alkyl hydrocarbon of about 6 to 26 carbons, n is an integer from about 1 to 50, M is CH2—CH2, CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—CH3,CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—(CH3)—CH2 or mixtures thereof for a time period ranging from 1 second to 3 hours, and at temperatures in the range of −20° C. to 100° C.
A composition represented by the formula
- 8
- wherein R is (M-O)n—R′, R′ is an alkyl hydrocarbon of about 6 to 26 carbons, n is an integer from about 1 to 50, M is CH2—CH2, CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—CH3, CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2, CH2—CH—(CH3)—CH2 or mixtures thereof.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.