Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect
OwnerZbigniew Zurecki, Ranajit Ghosh +2inventors
InventorsZbigniew Zurecki, Ranajit Ghosh, John Herbert Frey, James Bryan Taylor
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Abstract
An apparatus and a method are disclosed for reducing a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of a hard metal workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece. The method involves reducing the thermomechanical load on the surface of the workpiece, and the apparatus includes a means for reducing the thermomechanical load on the surface of the workpiece.
Claims50
A method for reducing a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of a hard metal workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, comprising reducing the thermomechanical load.
A method for reducing a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of a hard metal workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in a machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, comprising cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.
A method for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in a machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- cooling the cutting tool simultaneously by the cooling means.
A method for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in a machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in a machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of the cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- cooling the cutting tool simultaneously by the cooling means;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined with a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, comprising cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, comprising cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined with a hard cutting tool, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined with a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- cooling the cutting tool simultaneously by the cooling means.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
A method for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising the steps of:
- cooling the machined surface by a cooling means having an initial temperature having a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- cooling the cutting tool simultaneously by the cooling means;
- and
- reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for reducing a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of a hard metal workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, comprising a means for reducing the thermomechanical load.
An apparatus for reducing a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of a hard metal workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined;
- and
- a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in a machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, comprising a means for cooling the machined surface by at least one stream of a coolant having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.
An apparatus for mitigating a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load in the machined surface of a hard metal workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool machining the workpiece, thereby forming the machined surface, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of the cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for cooling the machined surface by at least one stream containing at least one inert, water-free coolant having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- a means for cooling the cutting tool simultaneously by at least another stream containing at least one inert, water-free coolant;
- and
- a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, comprising a means for cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, comprising a means for cooling the machined surface by a stream of a fluid having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a thickness of a thermomechanically-affected layer on an as-machined surface of the workpiece is reduced, the workpiece being machined by a hard cutting tool initially having a first temperature prior to contacting the surface of the workpiece, the hard cutting tool exerting a thermomechanical load on a surface of the workpiece, at least a portion of the thermomechanical load being a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for cooling the cutting tool to a second temperature lower than the first temperature before the cutting tool contacts the surface of the workpiece or while the workpiece is being machined;
- and
- a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for spraying the machined surface with at least one stream of a fluid having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- a means for spraying at least one other stream of the fluid simultaneously on the cutting tool.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for spraying the machined surface with at least one stream of a fluid having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- and
- a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
An apparatus for machining a hard metal workpiece, whereby a detrimental effect of a thermomechanical load is mitigated in a machined surface of the workpiece, the thermomechanical load being exerted on a surface of the workpiece by a hard cutting tool forming the machined surface of the workpiece, wherein at least a portion of the thermomechanical load is a component of a cutting force, the component being applied in a direction normal to the surface of the workpiece, comprising:
- a means for spraying the machined surface with at least one stream of a fluid having an initial temperature in a range of about −250° C. to about +25° C.;
- a means for spraying at least one other stream of the fluid simultaneously on the cutting tool;
- and
- a means for reducing the component of the cutting force.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.