Aqueous primary dispersions and coating agents, methods for producing them and their use

A process for preparing an aqueous primary dispersion or coating material comprising dispersed and/or emulsified, solid and/or liquid polymer particles and/or dispersed solid core-shell particles having a diameter≦500 nm, in which at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer (A) is subjected to free-radical (co)polymerization in a microemulsion or miniemulsion in the presence of at least one hydrophobic crosslinking agent for the (co)polymer resulting from the monomer or monomers (A), which comprises dispersing said monomer or monomers (A) prior to (co)polymerization in an aqueous dispersion of said crosslinking agent or agents.

The aqueous primary dispersion or coating material or the process as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the substituents in the radicals R1, R2, R3 and/or R4 of the monomers (a10) are electron-withdrawing or electron-donating atoms or organic radicals, especially halogen atoms, nitrile radicals, nitro radicals, partially or fully halogenated alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, cycloalkylaryl, arylalkyl and arylcycloalkyl radicals;

• aryloxy, alkyloxy and cycloalkyloxy radicals;
• arylthio, alkylthio and cycloalkylthio radicals and/or primary, secondary and/or tertiary amino groups.