A method of making two or more different multifunctional acrylic materials, the method comprising
- providing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture (a) comprising two or more monomers (ai) having at least one cyclic carbonate group and the structure
- 14
- wherein L is a linking group selected from aliphatic groups, cycloaliphatic groups, aromatic groups and mixtures thereof of from one to seven carbons, n is a number from zero to six, and R is either hydrogen or an alkyl group of from one to six carbons,
- polymerizing the monomer mixture (a) to make an acrylic backbone polymer (b) comprising two or more cyclic carbonate functional groups (bi),
- subjecting a first portion of the acrylic backbone polymer (b) to successive or simultaneous reactions of reaction (A) with a first grafting material (c) and reaction (B) with ammonia, to make a first multifunctional material of the formula:
- 15
- wherein
- A is the residue resulting from the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which do not contain a cyclic carbonate group,
- L is a linking group selected from aliphatic groups, cycloaliphatic groups, aromatic groups and mixtures thereof of from one to seven carbons,
- p is number of from 0 to 5,
- CNH3 is the reaction product of ammonia with a cyclic carbonate functional group and will have a structure selected from the group of formulas (I), (II) and (III):
- 16
- wherein
- C′ is a saturated carbon having substituents selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups of from one to six carbons, and n is a number from 0 to 6, and
- Cgraft is the reaction product of ammonia and a cyclic carbonate functional group and has at least one structure selected from the group consisting of of formulas (I), (II) and (III):
- 17
- wherein
- C′ is a saturated carbon having substituents selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups of from one to six carbons, R is hydrogen or an alkyl group of from one to six carbons, and cii is a grafting moiety selected from aliphatics, cycloaliphatics, polyurethane oligomers and polymers, nonionic groups, polyalkyldienes, triazines, hindered amine light stabilizers, aromatic groups, ionic groups, and mixtures thereof.
- k is from 1 to 95% by weight of the total sum of k, l, and m,
- l, is from 0 to 98% by weight of the total sum of k, l, and m, and
- m is from 1 to 95% by weight of the total sum of k, l, and m, and
- subjecting one or more portions of the acrylic backbone polymer (b) to successive or simultaneous reactions of reaction (A) with different grafting materials (c) and reaction (B) with ammonia, to make multiple multifunctional material of the formula:
- 18
- wherein all variables are as defined above except that cii is different for each multifunctional material.