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US 2003/0116507 A1Published application
Detoxification of onium compounds
AssigneeBaker Hughes Incorporated
InventorsGordon T. Rivers, Hartley H. Downs
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A method for reducing the toxicity of onium compounds, such as ammonium compounds and phosphonium compounds, by the use of certain additives is described. Suitable additives include, but are not necessarily limited to, carboxylic acids (e.g. naphthenic acids), sulfonic acids, organophosphonic acids, phenolic compounds, ether sulfates, phosphoric acid esters, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated fatty acids, oligocarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and alkali metal salts of these compounds and amine salts of these compounds.
Claims19
A method of reducing the toxicity of at least one onium compound in an aqueous solution comprising
- adding to the aqueous solution an amount of an additive sufficient to reduce the toxicity of the onium compound, where the treated onium compound partitions into a non-aqueous phase;
- and
- removing the non-aqueous phase from the aqueous solution, where the additive is a compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, organophosphonic acids, phenolic compounds, ether sulfates, phosphoric acid esters, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated fatty acids, oligocarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and alkali metal salts of these compounds and amine salts of these compounds.
A method of reducing the toxicity of at least one onium compound in an aqueous solution comprising
- adding the aqueous solution an amount of an additive sufficient to reduce the toxicity of the onium compound, where the treated onium compound partitions into a non-aqueous phase;
- adding a non-aqueous phase to the aqueous solution before, during or after the additive is added to the aqueous solution;
- and
- removing the non-aqueous phase from the aqueous solution,
- where the additive is a compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, organophosphonic acids, phenolic compounds, ether sulfates, phosphoric acid esters, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated fatty acids, oligocarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and alkali metal salts of these compounds and amine salts of these compounds;
- and
- where the onium compound has a structure of the following formula having a cation and an anion Y−:
- 3
- wherein
- R1 and R2 each are independently selected from normal or branched alkyls containing a chain of at least 4 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- R3 is an organic moiety containing a chain of at least 4 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- X is S, N—R4 or P—R4;
- R4, if present, is selected from H or an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenylaryl or alkenyl group, preferably those having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- and
- Y− is selected from the group consisting of hydroxide ion (OH−), halide ions, carboxylate ions, sulfate ion, organic sulfonate ions, and mixtures thereof.
12 more elements
An aqueous solution comprising:
- water;
- at least one onium compound;
- and
- at least one additive selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, organophosphonic acids, phenolic compounds, ether sulfates, phosphoric acid esters, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated fatty acids, oligocarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and alkali metal salts of these compounds and amine salts of these compounds.
1 more element
An aqueous solution comprising:
- water;
- a non-aqueous phase;
- at least one onium compound having a structure of the following formula having a cation and an anion Y−:
- 5
- wherein
- R1 and R2 each are independently selected from normal or branched alkyls containing a chain of at least 4 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- R3 is an organic moiety containing a chain of at least 4 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- X is S, N—R4 or P—R4;
- R4, if present, is selected from H or an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenylaryl or alkenyl group, preferably those having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, with or without one or more substituents, or one or more heteroatoms;
- and
- Y− is selected from the group consisting of hydroxide ion (OH−), halide ions, carboxylate ions, sulfate ion, organic sulfonate ions, and mixtures thereof;
- and
- at least one additive selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, organophosphonic acids, phenolic compounds, ether sulfates, phosphoric acid esters, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated fatty acids, oligocarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and alkali metal salts of these compounds and amine salts of these compounds,
- where the treated onium compound partitions into the non-aqueous phase, and where the amount of the additive is sufficient to reduce the toxicity of the aqueous solution as compared with an identical aqueous solution having an absence of the additive.
11 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.