Carbonaceous precursor, carbonaceous material for negative electrode and non-aqueous secondary battery

A method of preparing a carbonaceous precursor, comprising the step of:

• subjecting a carbonaceous raw material containing γ resin in a quantity of 0.5 wt % to 30 wt % to an oxidizing process so that a carbonaceous precursor is prepared which contains carbon by 80 wt % to 95 wt %, in which element ratio O/C of oxygen and carbon is 0.01 to 0.2 and which contains γ resin by 0.5 wt % to 5 wt %.

A carbonaceous material for a negative electrode, comprising:

• a true density of 1.65 g/cc to 1.85 g/cc, wherein
• a content of hydrogen with respect to carbon is 0.01 to 0.15 in terms of an atomic ratio,
• intervals between (002) planes are 3.45 Å to 3.55 Å, the thickness of crystalline is 12.0 Å to 20.0 Å, and assuming that an area enclosed by a base line which is a common tangent line connecting minimal values on the two sides of a (002) diffraction line in a scattered X-ray curve and the (002) diffraction line is S1 and that an area enclosed by a scattered X-ray curve having a diffraction angle 2θ of 4° or more and positioned in lower angle portions as compared with the (002) diffraction line and the base line is S0, an area ratio S0/S1 of S0 with respect to S1 is 0.4 to 2.0.

A method of manufacturing a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode, comprising the steps of:

• oxidizing a carbonaceous raw material containing γ resin in a quantity of 0.5 wt % to 30 wt % to obtain an oxidation product containing oxygen with respect to hydrogen at an atomic ratio of 0.01 to 0.2;
• and calcinating the oxidation product, wherein
• a true density is 1.65 g/cc to 1.85 g/cc, a content of hydrogen with respect to carbon is 0.01 to 0.15 in terms of an atomic ratio, intervals between (002) planes are 3.45 Å to 3.55 Å, the thickness of crystalline is 12.0 Å to 20.0 Å, and assuming that an area enclosed by a base line which is a common tangent line connecting minimal values on the two sides of a (002) diffraction line in a scattered X-ray curve and the (002) diffraction line is S1 and that an area enclosed by a scattered X-ray curve having a diffraction angle 2θ of 4° or more and positioned in lower angle portions as compared with the (002) diffraction line and the base line is S0, an area ratio S0/S1 of S0 with respect to S1 is 0.4 to 2.0.

A non-aqueous secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode mainly composed of a carbonaceous material and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein

• said carbonaceous material has a true density of 1.65 g/cc to 1.85 g/cc, a content of hydrogen with respect to carbon is 0.01 to 0.15 in terms of an atomic ratio, intervals between (002) planes are 3.45 Å to 3.55 Å, the thickness of crystalline is 12.0 Å to 20.0 Å, and
• assuming that an area enclosed by a base line which is a common tangent line connecting minimal values on the two sides of a (002) diffraction line in a scattered X-ray curve and the (002) diffraction line is S1 and that an area enclosed by a scattered X-ray curve having a diffraction angle 2θ of 4° or more and positioned in lower angle portions as compared with the (002) diffraction line and the base line is S0, an area ratio S0/S1 of S0 with respect to S1 is 0.4 to 2.0.