Methods, pharmaceutical formulations and kits for identification of subjects at risk for cancer and for the prevention of cancer in at- risk subjects

A method of preventing cancer in a subject at risk for developing cancer, comprising administering to the subject a priming agent in an amount effective to prime cells of the of the subject, wherein the cells are selected from the group consisting of monocytes, macrophages, promonocytes and peripheral blood stem cells.

The method of preventing cancer in a subject at risk of developing cancer, comprising increasing the expression of A1 adenosine receptors in the cells of the subject, wherein the cells are selected from the group consisting of monocytes, macrophages, promonocytes and peripheral blood stem cells.

A method of preventing cancer in a subject at risk of developing cancer, comprising increasing the affinity of the cells of the subject for A1 adenosine receptor ligands, wherein the cells are selected from the group consisting of monocytes, macrophages, promonocytes and peripheral blood stem cells.

A pharmaceutical liposomal formulation for the prevention of cancer in a subject determined to be at risk for developing cancer, comprising:

• a priming agent and an activating agent encapsulated in liposomes.

A diagnostic kit for determining a subject's risk for developing cancer comprising:

• at least one reagent for determining the cytotoxicity of diagnostic cells of the subject;
• and
• printed instructions for assessing the subject's risk for developing cancer, wherein the at least one reagent and the printed instructions are packaged together in a container.

A kit for preventing cancer in a subject determined to be at-risk for the development of cancer, comprising:

• at least one reagent selected from the group consisting of reagents for increasing A1 adenosine receptor expression in macrophages, monocytes, peripheral blood stem cells and promonocytes, reagents for increasing binding of A1 adenosine receptor ligands to macrophages, monocytes, peripheral blood stem cells and promonocytes, reagents for increasing binding of MCP-1 protein for macrophages, monocytes, peripheral blood stem cells and promonocytes, priming agents and activating agents;
• and
• printed instructions for administering the at least one reagent to the cells of the subject, wherein the at least one reagent and the printed instructions are packaged together in a container.