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AssigneeAlbemarle Corporation
InventorsJonathan N. Howarth, Christopher J. Nalepa, Michael J. Sanders, David L. Shelton
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Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.
A method of achieving an effective “free chlorine” level in treating with a biocide water that is in contact with, or that comes into contact with, at least one iron or copper surface, which method comprises introducing into said water a biocidally effective amount of at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin wherein said amount (i) provides in the water a biocidally effective “free chlorine” level and (ii) reduces the rate of corrosion of said iron or copper with which the water is or comes into contact as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin that is introduced into said water being characterized in that one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group and the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
A method of achieving an effective “free chlorine” level in treating with a biocide water that is in contact with biofilm or that comes into contact with biofilm, which method comprises introducing into said water a biocidally effective amount of at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin wherein said amount (i) provides in the water a biocidally effective “free chlorine” level that is higher than would be provided by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, (ii) results in eradication or at least effective biocidal challenge of said biofilm, and (iii) enables the rate of biocide consumption in treating said water to be reduced as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin that is introduced into said water being characterized in that one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group and the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
A method of achieving an effective “free chlorine” level in treating with a biocide water that is or that comes into contact with at least one iron or copper surface, which method comprises treating said water at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin at a rate that (i) provides in the water a biocidally effective “free chlorine” level, (ii) reduces the rate of corrosion of said iron or copper with which the water is or comes into contact as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (iii) enables the rate of biocide consumption in treating said water to be reduced as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin that is introduced into said water being characterized in that one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group and the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
A biocidal composition which comprises granules of at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin having an average crush strength of at least 15 pounds per inch of granule thickness, an average size in the range of about 40 U.S. standard mesh size to about ⅜-inch, said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin being characterized in that one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group and the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, said granules being devoid of any additive therein conferring binding or hardening action to said granules.
A method of effecting microbiocidal activity in a body of water that is in contact with, or that comes into contact with, at least one iron or copper surface, which method comprises providing in said body of water by use of at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin, a concentration of “free chlorine” that (A) is greater than could be predicted from the concentration of “free chlorine” provided by an equimolar amount of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (B) results in less corrosion of said at least one iron or copper surface as compared to an equal concentration of free chlorine from N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin that is used being characterized in that one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group and the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
A water sanitizer which comprises a dispenser that automatically dispenses a sanitizing chemical into water at a controlled rate, said dispenser containing a charge of at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin that as charged thereto is in the form of granules free of hydrophobic binder, which granules have an average crush strength of at least 15 pounds per inch of granule thickness, and an average size in the range of about 40 U.S. standard mesh size to about ⅜-inch, said dispenser being adapted to dispense dissolved biocide species from said at least one 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin at a rate that maintains a biocidally effective amount of “free chlorine” in said water.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.