Drop-in substitutes for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant
OwnerGeorge H. Gobleinventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A group of known refrigerants, (R-227ea, R-124, R-134a, R-143a, R-125, R-E125, R-E143a, R-E227ca2, R-254cb, R-600a, R-142b, R-22, R-290, R-170, R-1270, R-1216, R-218, R-C318, R-C270), that may be combined in novel ways to produce several excellent “drop-in” substitutes for refrigerants R-12 or R-500. The performance of the preferred “drop-in” substitutes for R-12 or R-500 of the present invention often exceeds that of the refrigerant being replaced, while maintaining acceptable oil circulation with existing mineral oils used in R-12 or R-500 refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
Claims75
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 7 to 34 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 5 to 50 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 35 to 75 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 5 to 25 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 15 to 60 weight percent heptafluoropropane, and about 21 to 75 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 8 to 30 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 9 to 50 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 28 to 70 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 1 to 20 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of heptafluoropropane, propane, propylene, and dimethyl ether, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 5 to 35 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 10 to 40 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 30 to 70 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and methyl trifluoromethyl ether with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 28 to 58 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 5 to 30 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 4 to 28 weight percent 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, about 4 to 28 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 20 weight percent hexafluoropropene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 5 to 30 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 5 to 30 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 10 to 45 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, and about 20 to 60 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, about 20 to 60 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 30 to 74 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent isobutane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 5 to 30 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 15 to 50 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 30 to 60 weight difluoromethyltrifluoromethyl ether, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 32 to 65 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 29 to 65 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 6 to 31 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 20 to 65 weight percent heptafluoropropane, and about 22 to 58 weight percent pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 31 to 60 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 15 to 40 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, about 13 to 38 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 15 to 58 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 4 to 20 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 30 to 60 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 30 to 65 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 28 to 67 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane an propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 41 to 85 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 8 to 40 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, and about 0 to 25 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 50 to 78 weight percent 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, about 15 to 55 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 25 to 60 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 30 to 76 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant from the group consisting of isobutane and propane.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 34 to 76 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 10 to 35 weight percent pentafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, and about 5 to 30 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said mixture being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerants in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 55 to 85 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 9 to 37 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 32 to 76 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 10 to 32 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, and about 9 to 31 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 28 to 63 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 37 to 71 weight percent difluoromethyltrifluoromethyl ether, and about 0 to 8 weight percent propane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of said overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 8 to 35 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 12 to 51 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 29 to 63 weight percent pentafluoroethane and about 0 to 10 weight percent propane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 5 to 32 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 8 to 45 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 6 to 35 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 25 to 60 weight percent pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 30 to 74 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 22 to 66 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the croup consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of said overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in a dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration system, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 35 to 72 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 24 to 60 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 12 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 31 to 67 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 28 to 65 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, and about 0 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall composition.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute or dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 58 to 85 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 9 to 35 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 2 to 12 weight percent isobutane, about 19 to 48 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 18 to 42 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 20 to 55 weight percent pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 33 to 72 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 30 to 65 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 31 to 68 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 25 to 62 weight percent pentafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propane and about 0 to 20 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being the weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 58 to 85 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 8 to 35 weight percent pentafluoroethane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 31 to 71 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 23 to 61 weight percent pentafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent propylene, and about 0 to 20 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 15 to 59 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 10 to 59 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 15 to 54 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of chlorodifluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,-trifluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 60 to 92 weight percent heptafluoropropane and about 8 to 40 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 27 to 67 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, and about 18 to 58 weight percent pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 4 to 16 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, about 5 to 20 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 60 to 90 weight percent perfluoropropane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 28 to 65 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 15 to 48 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and about 1 to 25 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 8 weight percent isobutane, about 24 to 61 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 14 to 40 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 1 to 8 weight percent propane, and about 14 to 43 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of pentafluoroethane and chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 28 to 60 weight percent heptafluoropropane, about 8 to 33 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, and about 25 to 60 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 55 to 89 weight percent heptafluoropropane, and about 8 to 43 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of chlorodifluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 15 to 48 weight percent 1-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 52 to 80 weight percent perfluoropropane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of propane and propylene, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 18 to 40 weight percent octafluorocyclobutane, about 1 to 10 weight percent dimethyl ether, about 51 to 86 weight percent perfluoropropane, and about 1 to 10 weight percent propane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 1 to 10 weight percent isobutane, about 55 to 85 weight percent heptafluoropropane, and about 13 to 43 weight percent of a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1,-trifluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 28 to 70 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and about 30 to 72 weight percent pentafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 37 to 77 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and about 23 to 63 weight percent 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 48 to 88 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and about 12 to 52 weight percent 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, with the weight percentages of said components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising about 0.5 to 8 weight percent isobutane, about 15 to 60 weight percent of a component B, and about 21 to 71 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, with the weight percentages of the foregoing components being weight percentages of the overall mixture, wherein component B is about 99 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and about 1 to 99 weight percent of a component C, with the weight percentages of the subcomponents of component B being weight percentages of component B, wherein component C is about 0 to 100 weight percent heptafluoropropane and about 0 to 100 weight percent 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, with the weight percentages of the components of component C being weight percentages of component C.
A mixture of refrigerants that is a drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant in dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems, comprising one or more components from GROUP A of Table 4, zero or more components from GROUP B of Table 4, one or more components from GROUP C of Table 4, and zero or more components from GROUP D of Table 4, wherein the temperature versus pressure curve of a closed container of said mixture approximates, within about 15 to 30 percent error, the temperature versus pressure curve from about −40° F. to about 200° F. of a closed container of dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant, and wherein said mixture is sufficiently miscible with the mineral oils within dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems so as to provide adequate circulating of the oils throughout the systems, and wherein the maximum mass fraction of said components that are very flammable is about 5 to 10 percent and the maximum mass fraction of said components that are weakly flammable is about 15 to about 60 percent, and wherein any halocarbon component that is mixed with two hydrocarbon Components, one having a higher and one having a lower boiling point than said halocarbon component, is at least a weakly flammable halocarbon, and wherein of any two halocarbon components that are mixed with a hydrocarbon component, that has a boiling point that is between the boiling points of said two halocarbon components, one of said halocarbon components is at a least weakly flammable halocarbon;
- said mixtures of refrigerants being mixtures other than those comprising about 2 to 20 weight percent isobutane, about 21 to 51 weight percent 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, and about 41 to 71 weight percent chlorodifluoromethane, wherein the weight percentages are weight percentages of the overall mixtures.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.