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US 2002/0013422 A1Published application
Thermal grafts of polyamides with pendant carboxylic acid groups, methods for producing the same, compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same
AssigneesUniversity of South Alabama, MBT Holding AG
InventorsTHOMAS M. VICKERS JR., C. STEVEN SIKES
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Heating an intimate mixture of: (a) a polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups; and (b) a compound which contains an amino group efficiently affords graft polymers with a high graft density. Such graft polymers are particularly useful as additives for cementitious compositions.
Claims28
A method for preparing a graft polymer, said method comprising:
- (i) heating an intimate mixture of:
- (a) a polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups;
- and (b) a compound which contains an amino group.
A graft polymer, produced by a process comprising:
- (i) heating an intimate mixture of:
- (a) a polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups;
- and (b) a compound which contains an amino group, to obtain said graft polymer,
- wherein said compound which contains an amino group has the formula (II):
- H2N—CH(R2)—R5—O—(R3O)e—(R4O)f—R6 (II)
- wherein R2 and R6 are, each independently, H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or C1 to C4 linear or branched;
- R5 is phenyl or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkylene;
- R3 is ethylene;
- R3O is present randomly or in block form;
- e is 1 to about 300;
- R4 is propylene;
- R4O is present randomly or in block form;
- and f is 0 to about 180;
- and
- wherein said polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups and said compound which contains an amino group are present in relative amounts such that said graft polymer has a graft density of at least 25%.
12 more elements
A graft polymer, produced by a process comprising:
- (i) heating an intimate mixture of:
- (a) a polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups;
- and (b) a compound which contains an amino group, to obtain said graft polymer,
- wherein said compound which contains an amino group has the formula (III):
- H2N—CH(CH3)—CH2—(OCH(R′)CH2)xR″ (III)
- in which each R′ independently of the other is H or methyl, R″ is a residue derived from a monohydric alcohol, and x has a value such that the molecular weight of said compound of formula (III) is from about 600 to about 25,000;
- and
- wherein said polyamide which contains pendant carboxylic acid groups and said compound which contains an amino group are present in relative amounts such that said graft polymer has a graft density of at least 25%.
5 more elements
A polymer of formula (IV):
- 21
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.75;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.75;
- c is a decimal value of 0.25 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (V):
- —CH(R2)—R5—O—(R3O)e—(R4O)f—R6 (V)
- wherein R2 and R6 are, each independently, is H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl;
- R5 is phenyl or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkylene;
- R3 is ethylene;
- R3O is present randomly or in block form;
- e is 1 to about 300, preferably about 11 to about 300;
- R4 is propylene;
- R4O is present randomly or in block form;
- and f is 0 to about 180.
17 more elements
A polymer of formula (IV′):
- 22
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.75;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.75;
- c is a decimal value of 0.25 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (VI):
- —CH(CH3)—CH2—(OCH(R′)CH2)xR″ (VI)
- in which each R′ independently of the other is H or methyl, R″ is a residue derived from a monohydric alcohol, and x has a value such that the molecular weight of the group of formula (VI) is from about 600 to about 25,000.
10 more elements
A composition, comprising:
- (a) a cementitious binder;
- and
- (b) a polymer of formula (IVa):
- 23
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (V):
- —CH(R2)—R5—O—(R3O)e—(R4O)f—R6 (V)
- wherein R2 and R6 are, each independently, is H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl;
- R5 is phenyl or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkylene;
- R3 is ethylene;
- R3O is present randomly or in block form;
- e is 1 to about 300, preferably about 11 to about 300;
- R4 is propylene;
- R4O is present randomly or in block form;
- and f is 0 to about 180.
20 more elements
A composition, comprising:
- (a) a cementitious binder;
- and
- (b) a polymer of formula (IVa′):
- 24
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (VI):
- —CH(CH3)—CH2—(OCH(R′)CH2)xR″ (VI)
- in which each R′ independently of the other is H or methyl, R″ is a residue derived from a monohydric alcohol, and x has a value such that the molecular weight of the group of formula (VI) is from about 600 to about 25,000.
13 more elements
A method of improving the flow properties of a cementitious composition, comprising adding an effective amount of a polymer of formula (IVa):
- 25
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (V):
- —CH(R2)—R5—O—(R3O)e—(R4O)f—R6 (V)
- wherein R2 and R6 are, each independently, is H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl;
- R5 is phenyl or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkylene;
- R3 is ethylene;
- R3O is present randomly or in block form;
- e is 1 to about 300, preferably about 11 to about 300;
- R4 is propylene;
- R4O is present randomly or in block form;
- and f is 0 to about 180;
- to a cementitious composition which comprises a cementitious binder.
18 more elements
A method of improving the flow properties of a cementitious composition, comprising adding an effective amount of a polymer of formula (IVa′):
- 26
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (VI):
- —CH(CH3)—CH2—(OCH(R′)CH2)xR″ (VI)
- in which each R′ independently of the other is H or methyl, R″ is a residue derived from a monohydric alcohol, and x has a value such that the molecular weight of the group of formula (VI) is from about 600 to about 25,000;
- to a cementitious composition which comprises a cementitious binder.
11 more elements
A method for reducing the amount of water which is needed to prepare a cementitious composition with suitable flow properties, comprising adding an effective amount of a polymer of formula (IVa):
- 27
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (V):
- —CH(R2)—R5—O—(R3O)e—(R4O)f—R6 (V)
- wherein R2 and R6 are, each independently, is H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl;
- R5 is phenyl or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkylene;
- R3 is ethylene;
- R3O is present randomly or in block form;
- e is 1 to about 300, preferably about 11 to about 300;
- R4 is propylene;
- R4O is present randomly or in block form;
- and f is 0 to about 180;
- to a cementitious composition which comprises a cementitious binder.
18 more elements
A method for reducing the amount of water which is needed to prepare a cementitious composition with suitable flow properties, comprising adding an effective amount of a polymer of formula (IVa′):
- 28
- wherein:
- each X independent of the other is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, or substituted ammonium;
- each —NH—Z— is a monomer unit derived from a compound which contains (i) a —NH2 group and (ii) a —CO2H or a —SO3H group;
- m, m′, n, and n′ are each independently 0 or an integer between 1 and about 20, preferably 0 to 2;
- a, b, c, d and reflect the mole fraction of each unit wherein the sum of a+b+c+d equals one, wherein a is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- b is a decimal value of 0 to 0.95;
- c is a decimal value of 0.05 to 1;
- and d is a decimal value of 0 to 0.5;
- and
- Q has the formulae (VI):
- —CH(CH3)—CH2—(OCH(R′)CH2)xR″ (VI)
- in which each R′ independently of the other is H or methyl, R″ is a residue derived from a monohydric alcohol, and x has a value such that the molecular weight of the group of formula (VI) is from about 600 to about 25,000;
- to a cementitious composition which comprises a cementitious binder.
11 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.