Picture encoding and/or decoding apparatus and method for providing scalability of a video object whose position changes with time and a recording medium having the same recorded thereon

A recording medium having recorded thereon encoded data obtained on encoding a first picture using a second picture different in resolution from the first picture said encoded data including at least first data obtained on predictive encoding said first picture using as a reference picture enlarged or contracted results obtained on enlarging or contracting said second picture based on the difference in resolution between said first and second pictures, second data obtained on encoding said second picture, and first or second position information obtained on setting positions of said first and second pictures in a pre-set absolute coordinate system;

• in which the position of said first picture is recognized based on said first position information and said second position information is converted in response to an enlarging ratio or contracting ratio by which said second picture has been enlarged or contracted to obtain a position of said reference picture so as to perform predictive coding.

A recording method for recording encoded data obtained on encoding a first picture using a second picture different in resolution from the first picture, in which said encoded data includes at least first data obtained on predictive encoding said first picture using as a reference picture enlarged or contracted results obtained on enlarging or contracting said second picture based on the difference in resolution between said first and second pictures, second data obtained on encoding said second picture, and first or second position information obtained on setting positions of said first and second pictures in a pre-set absolute coordinate system;

• wherein the position of said first picture is recognized based on said first position information and said second position information is converted in response to an enlarging ratio or contracting ratio by which said second picture has been enlarged or contracted to obtain a position of said reference picture so as to perform predictive coding.

A recording medium having recorded thereon encoded data obtained on encoding a first picture using a second picture different in resolution from the first picture, said encoded data including at least first data obtained on predictive encoding said first picture using as a reference picture enlarged or contracted results obtained on enlarging or contracting said second picture based on the difference in resolution between said first and second pictures, second data obtained on encoding said second picture, and first or second position information obtained on setting positions of said first and second pictures in a pre-set absolute coordinate system;

• in which said first and second information are set so that the position of said reference picture in said pre-set coordinate system will be coincident with a pre-set position.

A recording method for recording encoded data obtained on encoding a first picture using a second picture different in resolution from said first picture, wherein said encoded data includes at least first data obtained on predictive encoding said first picture using as a reference picture enlarged or contracted results obtained on enlarging or contracting said second picture based on the difference in resolution between said first and second pictures, second data obtained on encoding said second picture, and first or second position information obtained on setting positions of said first and second pictures in a pre-set absolute coordinate system;

• in which said first and second position are set so that the position of said reference picture in said pre-set absolute coordinate system will be coincident with a pre-set position.

A recording medium having recorded thereon encoded data which is obtained by predictive coding said picture by utilizing a detected motion vector of said picture to obtain first encoded data, locally decoding said first encoded data, predictive coding said picture using a locally decoded picture obtained as a result of the local decoding to obtain second encoded data, and multiplexing said first encoded data and said second encoded data.

A method for recording encoded data obtained on predictive coding a picture, in which said encoded data is obtained by predictive coding said picture by utilizing a detected motion vector of said picture to obtain first encoded data, locally decoding said first encoded data, predictive coding said picture using a locally decoded picture obtained as a result of the local decoding to obtain second encoded data, and multiplexing said first encoded data and said second encoded data.

A device for encoding data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding, and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding, forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, and are encoded on a macro-block basis, wherein whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A method for encoding data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding, and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding, forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, and are encoded on a macro-block basis, wherein whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A picture decoding device for decoding encoded data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding, and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding, forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, and decoding the pictures on a macro-block basis, wherein

• whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A picture decoding method for decoding encoded data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding, and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding, forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, and decoding the pictures on a macro-block basis, wherein whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A recording medium having recorded thereon encoded data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding, and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding, forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, in which the picture data is encoded on a macro-block basis, wherein whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A recording method for recording encoded data of one or more pictures in which the pictures of two or more layers may represent an I-picture obtained by intra-coding, a P-picture obtained by intra-coding or forward predictive coding and a B-picture obtained by intra-coding , forward predictive coding, backward predictive coding, or bidirectionally predictive coding, in which the picture data is encoded on a macro-block basis, wherein whether or not a macro-block is a skip macro-block is determined based on reference picture information which specifies a reference picture used in encoding a macro-block of said B-picture by one of the forward predictive coding, the backward predictive coding, or the bidirectionally predictive coding.

A picture processing device for variable length encoding or variable length decoding a picture changed in size by use of a pre-set table which is modified in accordance with changes in the size of said picture.

A picture processing method for variable length encoding or variable length decoding a picture changed in size by use of a pre-set table, said method comprising the steps of:

• judging whether or not said picture is changed in size;
• and
• modifying said pre-set table used for variable length encoding or variable length decoding in accordance with changes in the size of said picture.

A picture processing device for variable length encoding or variable length decoding encoded data obtained by predictive coding a picture of two or more layers by use of a pre-set table, wherein said pre-set table is modified according to whether or not a picture having a layer different from and a timing the same as the layer of a picture being encoded has been used as a reference picture.

A picture processing method for variable length encoding or variable length decoding encoded data obtained by predictive coding a picture of two or more layers by use of a pre-set table, comprising the steps of modifying said pre-set table used for variable length encoding or variable length decoding according to whether or not a picture having a layer different from and a timing the same as the layer of a picture being encoded has been used as a reference picture.

A picture encoding device for quantizing a picture by a pre-set quantization step comprising a multiplexing device for multiplexing results of quantization of said picture and said pre-set quantization step, in which said pre-set quantization step is quantized only if all of the results of quantization of pixel values in a pre-set block of said picture are not all of the same value.

A picture decoding device for decoding encoded data obtained by quantizing a picture by a pre-set quantization step and multiplexing results of quantization of said picture and said pre-set quantization step, wherein said encoded data includes said pre-set quantization step only if all of the results of quantization of pixel values in a pre-set block of said picture are not all of the same value.

A picture decoding method for decoding encoded data obtained by quantizing a picture by a pre-set quantization step and multiplexing results of quantization of said picture and said pre-set quantization step, wherein said encoded data includes said pre-set quantization step only if all of the results of quantization of pixel values in a pre-set block of said picture are not all of the same value.

A recording medium having recorded thereon encoded data obtained by quantizing a picture by a pre-set quantization step and multiplexing results of quantization of said picture and said pre-set quantization step, wherein said encoded data includes said pre-set quantization step only if all of the results of quantization of pixel values in a pre-set block of said picture are not all of the same value.

A recording method for recording encoded data obtained by quantizing a picture by a pre-set quantization step and multiplexing results of quantization of said picture and said pre-set quantization step, wherein said encoded data includes said pre-set quantization step only if all of the results of quantization of pixel values in a pre-set block of said picture are not all of the same value.