# US 12,771,369 B2 · Online common-mode voltage adjustment for single-ended analog interface in a wireless device > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,771,369 B2 - Document ID: US12771369B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/795,632 - Filed: 2024-08-06 - Published: 2026-02-12 - Granted: 2026-10-20 - Earliest claimed: 2024-08-06 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Madhav Venkateswaran; Saishankar Katri Pulliyakode; Sharad Kumar; Kiran Kumar Kakarla; Sreenivasa Mallia; Mohamed Jabir; Honghao Ji; Mahim Ranjan; Saranyan Nagarajan - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12771369B2 ## CPC - H03M 1/1245: {Details of sampling arrangements or methods} - H03M 1/462: {Details of the control circuitry, e.g. of the successive approximation register} - H03M: CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL (using fluidic means F15C4/00; optical analogue/digital converters G02F7/00; coding, decoding or code conversion, specially adapted for particular applications, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. G01D, G01R, G06F, G06T, G09G, G10L, G11B, G11C, H04B, H04L, H04M, H04N; ciphering or deciphering for cryptography or other purposes involving the need for secrecy G09C) ## Abstract Methods and apparatus for online common-mode voltage adjustment for a single-ended analog interface, such as in a wireless device. An example circuit for wireless communications includes a first integrated circuit and a second integrated circuit, each including different portions of a receive path. The portion of the receive path of the second integrated circuit is configured to receive, from the first integrated circuit, an analog signal including a first common-mode voltage signal, determine an estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal during an online operation of the receive path, and process the common-mode voltage signal during the online operation to generate a second common-mode voltage signal for the portion of the receive path of the second integrated circuit, based at least in part on the estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit for wireless communications comprising: a first integrated circuit comprising: a first output; and a first portion of a first receive path, the first portion being configured to generate a first analog signal comprising a first common-mode voltage signal and to provide the first analog signal to the first output; and a second integrated circuit comprising: a first input coupled to the first output and configured to receive the first analog signal from the first output; and a second portion of the first receive path, the second portion being configured to: receive the first analog signal comprising the first common-mode voltage signal from the first input; determine a first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal based on a filtered value of a common-mode voltage difference between the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit during an online operation of the first receive path; and process the first common-mode voltage signal during the online operation to generate a second common-mode voltage signal for the second portion of the first receive path, based at least in part on the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 1, wherein to determine the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal, the second portion is configured to: obtain, over a first time window during the online operation, a plurality of samples of the common-mode voltage difference between the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit; determine the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference over the first time window, based on performing a filtering operation with the plurality of samples; and determine the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal based on (i) the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference and (ii) a second estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 2, wherein the second estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal is a prior estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal determined during a second time window, prior to the first time window, during the online operation. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 2, wherein the second estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal is a preconfigured estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 2, wherein to process the first common-mode voltage signal to generate the second common-mode voltage signal, the second portion of the first receive path is configured to apply the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal to the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 5, wherein to apply the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal to the first common-mode voltage signal, the second portion of the first receive path is configured to subtract the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal from the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 5, wherein to process the first common-mode voltage signal to generate the second common-mode voltage signal, the second portion of the first receive path is configured to apply the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal to the first common-mode voltage signal when the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference is greater than or equal to a threshold. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 1, wherein: the second portion of the first receive path comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC); and to process the first common-mode voltage signal, the second portion of the first receive path is configured to process the first common-mode voltage signal prior to the ADC receiving the second common-mode voltage signal as an input. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 1, wherein the first integrated circuit further comprises a second output coupled to a reference potential node, the first analog signal being referenced to the reference potential node. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 9, wherein the first analog signal comprises a quadrature analog signal or an in-phase analog signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 9, wherein: the first integrated circuit further comprises: a third output; and a first portion of a second receive path configured to generate a second analog signal comprising a third common-mode voltage signal and to provide the second analog signal to the third output; and the second integrated circuit further comprises: a second input coupled to the third output and configured to receive the second analog signal from the third output; and a second portion of the second receive path configured to: receive the second analog signal comprising the third common-mode voltage signal from the second input; determine an estimate of the third common-mode voltage signal during the online operation of the second receive path; and process the third common-mode voltage signal during the online operation of the second receive path to generate a fourth common-mode voltage signal for the second portion of the second receive path, based at least in part on the estimate of the third common-mode voltage signal, such that a magnitude of the fourth common-mode voltage signal is lower than a magnitude of the third common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 11, wherein the first integrated circuit further comprises a fourth output coupled to the reference potential node, the second analog signal being referenced to the reference potential node. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 12, wherein: the first analog signal comprises an in-phase analog signal; and the second analog signal comprises a quadrature analog signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The circuit for wireless communications of claim 1, wherein: the first portion of the first receive path comprises a baseband filter; and the second portion of the first receive path comprises an analog-to-digital converter. ### Claim 15 A method of common-mode voltage adjustment for a single-ended analog interface in a wireless device, the method comprising: receiving an analog signal comprising a first common-mode voltage signal, the analog signal being received from a first integrated circuit comprising a first portion of a receive path by a second integrated circuit comprising a second portion of the receive path; determining, via the second portion of the receive path, a first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal based on a filtered value of a common-mode voltage difference between the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit during an online operation of the receive path; and processing, via the second portion of the receive path, the first common-mode voltage signal during the online operation to generate a second common-mode voltage signal for the second portion of the receive path, based at least in part on the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein determining the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal comprises: obtaining, over a time window during the online operation, a plurality of samples of the common-mode voltage difference between the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit; determining the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference over the time window, based on performing a filtering operation with the plurality of samples; and determining the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal based on (i) the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference and (ii) a second estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein processing the first common-mode voltage signal to generate the second common-mode voltage signal comprises applying the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal to the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein applying the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal to the first common-mode voltage signal comprises subtracting the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal from the first common-mode voltage signal. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the first estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal is applied to the first common-mode voltage signal when the filtered value of the common-mode voltage difference is greater than or equal to a threshold. ### Claim 20 A wireless device comprising: at least one antenna; and a circuit for wireless communications coupled to the at least one antenna, the circuit comprising: a first integrated circuit comprising a first portion of a receive path, the first portion being configured to generate an analog signal comprising a first common-mode voltage signal and to provide the analog signal to an output of the first integrated circuit; and a second integrated circuit comprising: an input coupled to the output of the first integrated circuit and configured to receive the analog signal from the output; and a second portion of the receive path, the second portion being configured to: receive the analog signal comprising the first common-mode voltage signal from the input; determine an estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal based on a filtered value of a common-mode voltage difference between the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit during an online operation of the receive path; and process the first common-mode voltage signal during the online operation to generate a second common-mode voltage signal for the second portion of the receive path, based at least in part on the estimate of the first common-mode voltage signal.