# US 12,764,634 B2 · Using multiple Wi-Fi radios at different frequency bands to maintain full-rate through a leaf node > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,764,634 B2 - Document ID: US12764634B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/978,641 - Filed: 2022-11-01 - Published: 2024-05-02 - Granted: 2026-10-13 - Earliest claimed: 2022-11-01 - Assignees: Plume Design, Inc. - Applicants: Plume Design, Inc. - Inventors: Yoseph Malkin; Paul White - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12764634B2 ## CPC - H04W 40/248: {Connectivity information update} - H04W 24/02: Arrangements for optimising operational condition - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Systems and methods are provided for using multiple Wi-Fi radios at different frequency bands to maintain full rate through a leaf node. One exemplary method detects when a client device connects to a first Wi-Fi component over a new fronthaul link and determines Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device. Based on the Wi-Fi communication capabilities, the method determines which one of the current topology and a new topology of the Wi-Fi network would result in greater throughput of packets through the Wi-Fi network. When it is determined that the new topology would result in greater throughput, the method includes adjusting the topology by designating one of a first radio and a second radio of the first Wi-Fi component for communication over a backhaul link with one or more other Wi-Fi components and designating the other of the first radio and second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A Wi-Fi component arranged in a Wi-Fi network having a current topology that enables communication with another Wi-Fi component over a backhaul link, the Wi-Fi component comprising: a first radio operating in a first Wi-Fi band; a second radio operating in a second Wi-Fi band, the second Wi-Fi band being different from the first Wi-Fi band; and a control circuit configured to perform the steps of: detecting when a client device connects to the Wi-Fi component over a new fronthaul link, determining Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device, based on the Wi-Fi communication capabilities, determining which one of the current topology of the Wi-Fi network and a new topology of the Wi-Fi network would result in greater throughput of packets through the Wi-Fi network, and when it is determined that the new topology would result in greater throughput, adjusting the topology by: designating one of the first radio and second radio for communication over the backhaul link and designating the other of the first radio and second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link, wherein the backhaul link and fronthaul link are configured to operate in different Wi-Fi bands so as to enable simultaneous packet reception over one of the first or second Wi-Fi bands and packet transmission over the other of the first or second Wi-Fi bands without queuing packets on a same channel. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to cause the first radio to operate at a first channel in the first Wi-Fi band and cause the second radio to operate at a second channel in the second Wi-Fi band. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the first Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 5 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards and the second Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 6 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The Wi-Fi component of claim 3, wherein: when the control circuit determines that the Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device allows operation in the 6 GHz band, the control circuit is configured to designate the first radio for communication over the backhaul link and designate the second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link, and when the control circuit determines that the Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device do not allow operation in the 6 GHz band, the control circuit is configured to designate the second radio for communication over the backhaul link and designate the first radio for communication over the new fronthaul link. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, further comprising a third radio operating in a third Wi-Fi band that is different from the first and second Wi-Fi bands, the third radio configured for communication over one or more additional fronthaul links. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, further comprising an adjustable third radio operating at a channel in one or more of the 2.4 GHz band, 5 GHz band, and 6 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine which one of the current topology and the new topology would result in greater throughput based on one or more of: multiple parallel streaming capabilities of the client device, one or more radios of the client device, a location within the Wi-Fi network of a Wi-Fi component to which the client device is connected, and a number of other client devices connected to the Wi-Fi component to which the client device is connected. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to adjust the topology in order to reduce the occurrence of one of the first and second radios being forced to share time for communication on both the backhaul and fronthaul links and in order to reduce a sojourn time that packets are stored in a transmitter queue. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the Wi-Fi component is a gateway device, and wherein the control circuit is configured to send topology information to one or more leaf nodes for selecting one of the first and second radios to establish one or more backhaul links and for instructing the one or more leaf nodes to utilize the other of the first and second radios to establish respective fronthaul links. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the Wi-Fi component is a leaf node and the other Wi-Fi component is a gateway device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The Wi-Fi component of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to perform the step of detecting when the client device connects to the Wi-Fi component over the new fronthaul link after an optimization process that establishes the current topology, and wherein selecting the new topology includes a re-optimization process. ### Claim 12 A Wi-Fi network having multiple Wi-Fi components arranged according to a current topology and configured to communicate with each other over a backhaul link, each Wi-Fi component configured to communicate with one or more clients over one or more fronthaul links, each Wi-Fi component comprising: a first radio operating in a first Wi-Fi band; a second radio operating in a second Wi-Fi band, the second Wi-Fi band being different from the first Wi-Fi band; and a control circuit configured to perform the steps of: detecting when a client device connects to the Wi-Fi component over a new fronthaul link, determining Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device, based on the Wi-Fi communication capabilities, determining which one of the current topology of the Wi-Fi network and a new topology of the Wi-Fi network would result in greater throughput of packets through the Wi-Fi network, and when it is determined that the new topology would result in greater throughput, adjusting the topology by: designating one of the first radio and second radio for communication over the backhaul link and designating the other of the first radio and second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link, wherein the backhaul link and fronthaul link are configured to operate in different Wi-Fi bands so as to enable simultaneous packet reception over one of the first or second Wi-Fi bands and packet transmission over the other of the first or second Wi-Fi bands without queuing packets on a same channel. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The Wi-Fi network of claim 12, wherein the control circuit is configured to cause the first radio to operate at a first channel in the first Wi-Fi band and cause the second radio to operate at a second channel in the second Wi-Fi band. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The Wi-Fi network of claim 12, wherein the first Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 5 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards and the second Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 6 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The Wi-Fi network of claim 14, wherein: when the control circuit determines that the Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device allows operation in the 6 GHz band, the control circuit is configured to designate the first radio for communication over the backhaul link and designate the second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link, and when the control circuit determines that the Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device do not allow operation in the 6 GHz band, the control circuit is configured to designate the second radio for communication over the backhaul link and designate the first radio for communication over the new fronthaul link. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The Wi-Fi network of claim 12, further comprising a third radio operating in a third Wi-Fi band that is different from the first and second Wi-Fi bands, the third radio configured for communication over one or more additional fronthaul links. ### Claim 17 A method executed in a Wi-Fi network having a current topology, the method comprising the steps of: detecting when a client device connects to a first Wi-Fi component over a new fronthaul link; determining Wi-Fi communication capabilities of the client device; based on the Wi-Fi communication capabilities, determining which one of the current topology of the Wi-Fi network and a new topology of the Wi-Fi network would result in greater throughput of packets through the Wi-Fi network; and when it is determined that the new topology would result in greater throughput, adjusting the topology by: designating one of a first radio and a second radio of the first Wi-Fi component for communication over a backhaul link with one or more other Wi-Fi components and designating the other of the first radio and second radio for communication over the new fronthaul link, wherein the backhaul link and fronthaul link are configured to operate in different Wi-Fi bands so as to enable simultaneous packet reception over Wi-Fi band of the first radio or second radio and packet transmission over another Wi-Fi band of the other of the first or second radio without queuing packets on a same channel. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, further comprising the steps of: causing the first radio to operate at a first channel in a first Wi-Fi band; and causing the second radio to operate at a second channel in a second Wi-Fi band. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein the first Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 5 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards and the second Wi-Fi band includes at least a portion of the 6 GHz band as defined in the Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 standards. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the step of determining which one of the current topology and the new topology would result in greater throughput is based on one or more of: multiple parallel streaming capabilities of the client device, one or more radios of the client device, a location within the Wi-Fi network of a Wi-Fi component to which the client device is connected, and a number of other client devices connected to the Wi-Fi component to which the client device is connected.