# US 12,763,859 B2 · Reporting differential measurement quantities for an antenna array > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,763,859 B2 - Document ID: US12763859B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 19/050,636 - Filed: 2025-02-11 - Published: 2026-08-13 - Granted: 2026-10-13 - Earliest claimed: 2025-02-11 - Assignees: Lenovo (United States) Inc. - Applicants: Lenovo (United States) Inc. - Inventors: Seyedomid Taghizadeh Motlagh; Ahmed Hindy; Robin Rajan Thomas; Venkata Srinivas Kothapalli - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12763859B2 ## CPC - H04B 17/25: {taking multiple measurements} - G01R 29/10: Radiation diagrams of antennas - H01Q 3/267: {Phased-array testing or checking devices} - H04W 24/10: Scheduling measurement reports {; Arrangements for measurement reports} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to reporting differential measurement quantities for an antenna array. An apparatus, such as a first device, which may be a sensing transmitter (Tx) node, a user equipment (UE), a network equipment (NE), or another device, may receive a sensing signal from a second device. The first device may determine a differential measurement quantity based on the sensing signal. The differential measurement quantity may indicate a difference between a first measurement of a first channel segment associated with the first device at a first reference point, and a second measurement of a second channel segment associated with the first device at a second reference point. The first reference point and the second reference point may be associated with one or more antenna arrays of the first device. The first device may transmit a report including the differential measurement quantity. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A first device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and operable to cause the first device to: receive, from a second device, a sensing signal; determine a differential measurement quantity based on the sensing signal, wherein the differential measurement quantity indicates a difference between a first measurement of a first channel segment associated with the first device at a first reference point and a second measurement of a second channel segment associated with the first device at a second reference point, and wherein the first reference point and the second reference point are associated with one or more antenna arrays of the first device; and transmit, to the second device, a report including the differential measurement quantity. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one of more dependencies in accordance with a difference between a first differential measurement quantity type and a second differential measurement quantity type based on one or more of: a first sensing transmitter node and a second sensing transmitter node that transmit the sensing signal for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first sensing receiver node and a second sensing receiver node that receive the sensing signal for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first transmission reference point corresponding to the first sensing transmitter node and a second transmission reference point corresponding to the second sensing transmitter node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first reception reference point corresponding to the first sensing receiver node and a second reception reference point corresponding to the second sensing receiver node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; the first channel segment and the second channel segment for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first signal transmitted by the first sensing transmitter node and received by the first sensing receiver node and a second signal transmitted by the second sensing transmitter node and received by the second sensing receiver node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first time period and a second time period based on which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; or a third time period and a fourth time people for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are valid. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one or more of a time difference of arrival, an angle difference of arrival, or a doppler shift difference of arrival between the first channel segment received via the first reference point and the second channel segment received via the second reference point. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one or more of a time difference or a frequency difference between reception of the first channel segment via the first reference point and transmission of the second channel segment via the second reference point. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the first device to: determine a second differential measurement quantity over one or more reference points of at least one of the one or more antenna arrays, a full antenna array, or a segment of an antenna array and a variation measurement of the second differential measurement quantity; and transmit a second report indicating the second differential measurement quantity and the variation measurement. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the first device to determine a quantity of differential measurements, a quantity of reference points for which the differential measurements are to be reported, and a quantity of reference point pairs for which the differential measurements are to be reported over a channel segment. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein a differential measurement quantity type comprises one or more of time-based measurements, doppler-based measurements, phase-based measurements, angle-based measurements, energy-based measurements, power-based measurements, micro-doppler measurements, vibration-rate measurements, or information associated with sensing results of a sensing target. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein a channel segment comprises one or more of: a direct propagation path or a direct ray between the first device and the second device; an indirect propagation path or an indirect ray between the first device and the second device that is associated with a scattering point of a scattering object; or multiple propagation paths or multiple rays between the first device and the second device that are associated with at least one of the scattering object or a property of a propagation path or a ray. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The first device of claim 8, wherein the property comprises one or more of a delay, an angle, or a doppler value within a numerical range. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the first device to receive signaling comprising configuration information, and wherein reception of the sensing signal and determination of the differential measurement quantity are based on the configuration information. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The first device of claim 10, wherein the configuration information comprises one or more of: a set of parameters associated the sensing signal to be used for determining the differential measurement quantity; a type of differential measurement quantity to be reported; information associated with a channel segment for which the differential measurement quantity is to be reported; reference points of the one or more antenna arrays for which the differential measurement quantity is to be determined; a configuration for transmission of the report; or a trigger for the transmission of the report. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The first device of claim 10, wherein the configuration information indicates a boundary of a reference point as a segment of the one or more antenna arrays. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the sensing signal comprises one or more of a reference signal, a data channel, or a control channel associated with one or more of a downlink direction, an uplink direction, a sidelink direction, or a gNodeB (gNB)-to-gNB transmission direction. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The first device of claim 1, wherein the first reference point is the same as the second reference point or is different from the second reference point. ### Claim 15 A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and operable to cause the processor to: receive, from a second device, a sensing signal; determine a differential measurement quantity based on the sensing signal, wherein the differential measurement quantity indicates a difference between a first measurement of a first channel segment associated with the first device at a first reference point and a second measurement of a second channel segment associated with the first device at a second reference point, and wherein the first reference point and the second reference point are associated with one or more antenna arrays of the first device; and transmit, to the second device, a report including the differential measurement quantity. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The processor of claim 15, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one of more dependencies in accordance with a difference between a first differential measurement quantity type and a second differential measurement quantity type based on one or more of: a first sensing transmitter node and a second sensing transmitter node that transmit the sensing signal for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first sensing receiver node and a second sensing receiver node that receive the sensing signal for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first transmission reference point corresponding to the first sensing transmitter node and a second transmission reference point corresponding to the second sensing transmitter node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first reception reference point corresponding to the first sensing receiver node and a second reception reference point corresponding to the second sensing receiver node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; the first channel segment and the second channel segment for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first signal transmitted by the first sensing transmitter node and received by the first sensing receiver node and a second signal transmitted by the second sensing transmitter node and received by the second sensing receiver node for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; a first time period and a second time period based on which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are determined; or a third time period and a fourth time people for which the first differential measurement quantity type and the second differential measurement quantity type are valid. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The processor of claim 15, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one or more of a time difference of arrival, an angle difference of arrival, or a doppler shift difference of arrival between the first channel segment received via the first reference point and the second channel segment received via the second reference point. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The processor of claim 15, wherein the differential measurement quantity comprises one or more of a time difference or a frequency difference between reception of the first channel segment via the first reference point and transmission of the second channel segment via the second reference point. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The processor of claim 15, wherein the at least one controller is further operable to cause the processor to: determine a second differential measurement quantity over one or more reference points of at least one of the one or more antenna arrays, a full antenna array, or a segment of an antenna array and a variation measurement of the second differential measurement quantity; and transmit a second report indicating the second differential measurement quantity and the variation measurement. ### Claim 20 A method performed by a first device, the method comprising: receiving, from a second device, a sensing signal; determining a differential measurement quantity based on the sensing signal, wherein the differential measurement quantity indicates a difference between a first measurement of a first channel segment associated with the first device at a first reference point and a second measurement of a second channel segment associated with the first device at a second reference point, and wherein the first reference point and the second reference point are associated with one or more antenna arrays of the first device; and transmitting, to the second device, a report including the differential measurement quantity.