# US 12,763,701 B2 · Control for a multi-level inverter

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- Number: US 12,763,701 B2
- Document ID: US12763701B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/648,629
- Filed: 2024-04-29
- Published: 2024-08-15
- Granted: 2026-10-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-10-01
- Assignees: Texas Instruments Incorporated
- Applicants: Texas Instruments Incorporated
- Inventors: Himanshu Chaudhary; Salil Chellappan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12763701B2

## CPC

- H02M 7/487: Neutral point clamped inverters
- H02M 1/32: Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M 7/5395: by pulse-width modulation
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

## Abstract

A control circuit for an inverter. The control circuit includes a first pulse width modulation (PWM) module configured to produce first and second complementary PWM signals, and a second PWM module configured to produce a third and fourth complementary PWM signals. PWM switching logic is coupled to the first and second PWM modules and is adapted to be coupled to a switch network. The switch network includes first, second, third, and fourth switches coupled in series between a first voltage terminal and a second voltage terminal. The PWM switching logic is configured to produce control signals for each of the first, second, third, and fourth switches in response to the first and second complementary PWM signals and to the third and fourth complementary PWM signals.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system, comprising:
a power conversion circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor, wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are coupled in series between a first input voltage terminal and an output voltage terminal of the power conversion circuit; and
a first circuit configured to:
receive a first signal and a second signal;
detect a transition of the first signal associated with turning off the first transistor; and
based on detecting the transition of the first signal,
determine that the second transistor is turned off based on the second signal; and
based on determining that the second transistor is turned off, start a delay relative to the transition of the first signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of a third signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first circuit is further configured to:
based on detecting the transition of the first signal,
determine that the second transistor is not turned off based on the second signal; and
based on determining that the second transistor is not turned off,
detect a transition of the second signal associated with turning off the second transistor; and
based on detecting the transition of the second signal,
start a delay relative to the transition of the second signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of the third signal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first signal has a frequency less than the second signal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the transition of the third signal is in a direction same as the transition of the first signal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a second circuit configured to:
generate a signal to the first transistor based on the third signal; and
generate a signal to the second transistor based on the second signal and the third signal.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The system of claim 5, wherein the second circuit comprises:
an OR gate configured to generate the signal to the first transistor based on the third signal; and
an AND gate configured to generate the signal to the second transistor based on the second signal and the third signal.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein:
the power conversion circuit further includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor, wherein the third transistor and the fourth transistor are coupled in series between a second input voltage terminal and the output voltage terminal of the power conversion circuit; and
the first circuit is further configured to:
receive a fourth signal;
detect a transition of the fourth signal associated with turning off the third transistor; and
based on detecting the transition of the fourth signal,
determine that the fourth transistor is turned off; and
based on determining that the fourth transistor is turned off, start a delay relative to the transition of the fourth signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of a fifth signal.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein the fourth signal is complementary to the first signal.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein:
the power conversion circuit further includes a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor coupled in series, wherein the fifth transistor and the sixth transistor, in combination, are in parallel across the first transistor and the third transistor.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the delay is 20 microseconds.

### Claim 11

A device, comprising:
a first circuit configured to:
receive a first signal and a second signal, wherein the first signal is associated with a first switch of a multi-level inverter, and the second signal is associated with a second switch of the multi-level inverter, and wherein the first switch and the second switch are coupled in series between a first input voltage terminal and an output voltage terminal of the multi-level inverter;
detect a transition of the first signal indicating to turn off the first switch; and
based on detecting the transition of the first signal,
determine that the second switch is turned off based on the second signal; and
based on determining that the second switch is turned off,
start a delay relative to the transition of the first signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of a third signal.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The device of claim 11, wherein the first circuit is further configured to:
based on detecting the transition of the first signal,
determine that the second switch is not turned off based on the second signal; and
based on determining that the second switch is not turned off,
wait until a transition of the second signal indicating to turn off the second switch;
start a delay relative to the transition of the second signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of the third signal.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The device of claim 11, wherein the first signal has a frequency less than the second signal.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The device of claim 11, wherein the transition of the third signal is in a direction same as the transition of the first signal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The device of claim 11, wherein the first circuit is further configured to:
receive a fourth signal associated with a third switch of the multi-level inverter, wherein the third switch is coupled in series with a fourth switch between a second input voltage terminal and the output voltage terminal of the multi-level inverter;
detect a transition of the fourth signal indicating to turn off the third switch; and
based on detecting the transition of the fourth signal,
determine that the fourth switch is turned off; and
based on determining that the fourth switch is turned off,
start a delay relative to the transition of the fourth signal; and
in response to expiration of the delay, generate a transition of a fifth signal.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The device of claim 15, wherein the fourth signal is complementary to the first signal.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The device of claim 15, further comprising:
a second circuit comprising:
a first AND gate configured to generate a seventh signal to the second switch based on the second signal and the third signal; and
a first OR gate configured to generate an eighth signal to the first switch based on the third signal.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The device of claim 17, wherein the second circuit further comprises:
a second OR gate configured to generate a ninth signal to the third switch based on the fifth signal; and
a second AND gate configured to generate a tenth signal to the fourth switch based on the second signal and the fifth signal.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The device of claim 18, wherein the second circuit further comprises:
a third AND gate configured to generate a first intermediate signal based on the third signal and a sixth signal, wherein the sixth signal is complementary to the second signal;
a third OR gate configured to generate an eleventh signal to a fifth switch of the multi-level inverter based on the first intermediate signal and the tenth signal, wherein the fifth switch is coupled in series with a sixth switch of the multi-level inverter, and wherein the fifth switch and the sixth switch, in combination, is in parallel across the first switch and the third switch;
a fourth AND gate configured to generate a second intermediate signal based on the fifth signal and the sixth signal; and
a fourth OR gate configured to generate a twelfth signal to the sixth switch based on the second intermediate signal and the seventh signal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 11)

The device of claim 11, wherein the multi-level inverter is a neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter.