# US 12,763,583 B2 · System and method for protecting grid-forming inverter based resources from power deviations > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,763,583 B2 - Document ID: US12763583B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/906,864 - Filed: 2024-10-04 - Published: 2026-04-09 - Granted: 2026-10-13 - Earliest claimed: 2024-10-04 - Assignees: GE Vernova Infrastructure Technology LLC - Applicants: GE Infrastructure Technology LLC - Inventors: Dustin F. Howard; Ignacio Vieto Miranda - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12763583B2 ## CPC - H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators} - H02J 3/388: Arrangements for the handling of islanding, e.g. for disconnection or for avoiding the disconnection of power - H02J 2101/28: Wind energy - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY ## Abstract A method for protecting a grid-forming inverter-based resource connected to a power grid from power deviations. The method includes receiving a first feedback signal for a first parameter. The first parameter being one of a power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or an electrical frequency of the power grid. The method also includes determining a first parameter deviation signal based on a comparison between the first feedback signal and a threshold for the first parameter. Further, the method includes determining a scale factor configured to adjust sensitivity of at least one of a power or frequency protection for the grid-forming inverter-based resource based on a second parameter. The second parameter being another of the power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or the electrical frequency of the power grid. Moreover, the method includes determining a compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal. Furthermore, the method includes determining an accumulated deviation signal over time based on the compensated deviation signal. In addition, the method includes tripping the grid-forming inverter-based resource when the accumulated deviation signal exceeds a trip threshold. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for protecting a grid-forming inverter-based resource connected to a power grid from power deviations, the method comprising: receiving a first feedback signal for a first parameter, the first parameter being one of a power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or an electrical frequency of the power grid; determining a first parameter deviation signal based on a comparison between the first feedback signal and a threshold for the first parameter; determining a scale factor configured to adjust sensitivity of at least one of a power or frequency protection for the grid-forming inverter-based resource based on a second parameter, the second parameter being another of the power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or the electrical frequency of the power grid; determining a compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal; determining an accumulated deviation signal over time based on the compensated deviation signal; and tripping the grid-forming inverter-based resource when the accumulated deviation signal exceeds a trip threshold. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the scale factor based on the second parameter further comprises: receiving a second feedback signal for the second parameter; determining a second parameter deviation signal based on a difference between the second feedback signal and a threshold for the second parameter; and determining the scale factor based on the second parameter deviation signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the scale factor is limited by a maximum scale factor and a minimum scale factor. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the threshold for the second parameter is one of an upper parameter limit or a lower parameter limit for the second parameter. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein determining the scale factor based on the second parameter deviation signal further comprises: obtaining an output after applying a gain to the second parameter deviation signal; and adding an offset to the output to determine the scale factor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal further comprises: applying the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal to determine the compensated deviation signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein applying the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal to determine the compensated deviation signal further comprises: applying a gain to the first parameter deviation signal prior to obtain an output; and applying the scale factor to the output to obtain the compensated deviation signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal further comprises: determining a first signal based on applying a gain and the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal; determining a second signal based on applying a further gain, an offset, and the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal; and determining the compensated deviation signal based on combining the first signal and the second signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the first signal is greater than or equal to a first signal limit, and the second signal is greater than or equal to a second signal limit, the second signal limit being greater than the first signal limit. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold for the first parameter is one of a minimum value or a maximum value for the first parameter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the accumulated deviation signal is one of a time, energy, or angle. ### Claim 12 A wind farm, the wind farm comprising: a plurality of wind turbines capable of being connected to a power grid via a transmission network; and a controller comprising at least one processor, the at least one processor configured to perform a plurality of operations, the plurality of operations comprising: receiving a first feedback signal for a first parameter, the first parameter being one of a power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or an electrical frequency of the power grid; determining a first parameter deviation signal based on a comparison between the first feedback signal and a threshold for the first parameter; determining a scale factor configured to adjust sensitivity of at least one of a power or frequency protection for the grid-forming inverter-based resource based on a second parameter, the second parameter being another of the power of the grid-forming inverter-based resource or the electrical frequency of the power grid; determining a compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal; determining an accumulated deviation signal over time based on the compensated deviation signal; and tripping the grid-forming inverter-based resource when the accumulated deviation signal exceeds a trip threshold. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The wind farm of claim 12, wherein determining the scale factor based on the second parameter further comprises: determining a second feedback signal for the second parameter; determining a second parameter deviation signal based on a difference between the second feedback signal and a threshold for the second parameter; and determining the scale factor based on the second parameter deviation signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The wind farm of claim 13, wherein the scale factor is limited by a maximum scale factor and a minimum scale factor. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The wind farm of claim 13, wherein the threshold for the second parameter is one of an upper parameter limit or a lower parameter limit for the second parameter. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The wind farm of claim 13, wherein determining the scale factor based on the second parameter deviation signal further comprises: obtaining an output after applying a gain to the second parameter deviation signal; and adding an offset to the output to determine the scale factor. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The wind farm of claim 12, wherein determining the compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal further comprises: applying the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal to determine the compensated deviation signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The wind farm of claim 17, wherein applying the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal to determine the compensated deviation signal further comprises: applying a gain to the first parameter deviation signal prior to obtain an output; and applying the scale factor to the output to obtain the compensated deviation signal. ### Claim 19 (depends on 12) The wind farm of claim 12, wherein determining the compensated deviation signal based on the scale factor and the first parameter deviation signal further comprises: determining a first signal based on applying a gain and the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal; determining a second signal based on applying a further gain, an offset, and the scale factor to the first parameter deviation signal; and determining the compensated deviation signal based on combining the first signal and the second signal. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The wind farm of claim 19, wherein the first signal is greater than or equal to a first signal limit, and the second signal is greater than or equal to a second signal limit, the second signal limit being greater than the first signal limit.