# US 12,760,846 B2 · Hydrogen safety system

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- Number: US 12,760,846 B2
- Document ID: US12760846B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/525,912
- Filed: 2023-12-01
- Published: 2025-06-05
- Granted: 2026-10-13
- Earliest claimed: 2023-12-01
- Assignees: Honeywell International Inc.
- Applicants: Honeywell International Inc.
- Inventors: Amit Pandey; Hemalatha Narayanaswamy; Sandeep Wankhede; Darrius Kilpatrick
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12760846B2

## CPC

- F17C 13/12: Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion (flame traps A62C4/00 ){; Other safety measures}
- F17C 13/025: {having the pressure as the parameter}
- F17C 13/026: {having the temperature as the parameter}
- F17C 2221/012: Hydrogen
- F17C 2250/034: using wireless transmissions
- F17C 2250/036: using alarms
- F17C 2250/043: Pressure
- F17C 2250/0439: Temperature
- F17C 2250/0452: Concentration of a product
- F17C 2250/046: Humidity
- F17C 2250/0636: Flow or movement of content
- F17C 2250/0694: with calculations
- F17C 2260/044: Avoiding pollution or contamination
- F17C: VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES (storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth B65G5/00; construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil-engineering techniques E04H7/00; variable-capacity gas-holders F17B; liquefaction or refrigeration machines, plants, or systems F25)

## Abstract

Approaches for predicting or detecting hydrogen leakage in a hydrogen amenity, are described. According to one example, a hydrogen leakage detection unit may be provided. The hydrogen leakage detection unit may receive sensor data for a section of hydrogen amenity from a sensor unit installed proximate to the section. The sensor data may include at least one of a concentration level of hydrogen within the section, a concentration level of metal particles in the hydrogen, a temperature value of the hydrogen, a pressure value of the hydrogen, a humidity value around the section, a deviation level of electrochemical liquid within the sensor unit, and an image of the section. The sensor data may be processed to ascertain occurrence of existing hydrogen leakage or probable hydrogen leakage at the section. One or more preventive actions may be initiated upon ascertaining the occurrence of existing hydrogen leakage or probable hydrogen leakage.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system comprising:
a hydrogen leakage detection unit communicably coupled with one or more sensor units, each of the one or more sensor units being installed proximate to a corresponding section of a hydrogen amenity, the hydrogen amenity being one of a hydrogen storage facility and a hydrogen transportation line, the hydrogen leakage detection unit comprising:
a communication module to receive, from each of the one or more sensor units, sensor data for the corresponding section of the hydrogen amenity, wherein the sensor data corresponding to a section of the hydrogen amenity includes at least one of a concentration level of hydrogen within the section, a concentration level of metal particles in the hydrogen, a temperature value of the hydrogen, a pressure value of the hydrogen, a humidity value around the section, a deviation level of an electrochemical liquid within a respective sensor unit of the one or more sensor units, and an image of the section of the hydrogen amenity;
a processing engine to process, for each of the one or more sensor units, the corresponding sensor data to ascertain occurrence of a hydrogen leakage event at the corresponding section of the hydrogen amenity, the hydrogen leakage event including at least one of an existing hydrogen leakage and a probable hydrogen leakage; and
a damage prevention engine configured to:
determine, utilizing a pre-trained leakage time estimation model, an estimated leakage time for the probable hydrogen leakage based on the sensor data, wherein the pre-trained leakage time estimation model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the hydrogen leakage event;
schedule a downtime for the hydrogen amenity based on the estimated leakage time to enable repair of the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
initiate one or more preventive actions upon ascertaining occurrence of the hydrogen leakage event at a section of the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein, for the hydrogen leakage event being the probable hydrogen leakage, the damage prevention engine is configured to:
select a service technician, from a plurality of service technicians, to visit the hydrogen amenity during the downtime to repair the section of the hydrogen amenity determined to have the probable hydrogen leakage, wherein the service technician is selected based on at least one of a service rating of the corresponding service technician and a distance of the corresponding service technician from the corresponding section of the hydrogen amenity; and
generate an alert notification including:
identification data for at least one of the hydrogen amenity and the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
at least one of an indication of the probable hydrogen leakage, the estimated leakage time, and the downtime for the hydrogen amenity; and
the communication module is to transmit the alert notification to a user device of the selected service technician and transmit a downtime schedule, indicating the scheduled downtime, to a control unit associated with the hydrogen amenity to stop supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen amenity during the downtime, wherein the control unit is configured to control supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein, for the hydrogen leakage event being the existing hydrogen leakage, the damage prevention engine is configured to:
generate a discontinuation signal to initiate discontinuation of supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity;
determine a hydrogen leakage amount based on the sensor data;
generate a site visit recommendation based on a comparison of the hydrogen leakage amount and a safe hydrogen level threshold;
select a service technician, from a plurality of service technicians, to visit the hydrogen amenity as per the site visit recommendation, to repair the section of the hydrogen amenity determined to have the existing hydrogen leakage, wherein the service technician is selected based on at least one of a service rating of the corresponding technician and a distance of the corresponding technician from the corresponding section of the hydrogen amenity; and
generate an alert notification including:
identification data for at least one of the hydrogen amenity and the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
at least one of an indication of the existing hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage amount, and the site visit recommendation.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The system of claim 3, wherein the communication module is configured to:
transmit the alert notification to a user device of the selected service technician; and
transmit the discontinuation signal to a control unit configured to control supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises:
a control unit communicably coupled to the hydrogen leakage detection unit and one or more valves installed at the hydrogen amenity, wherein the control unit is configured to:
receive, from the hydrogen leakage detection unit, one of a discontinuation signal and a downtime schedule to enable repair of the section of the hydrogen amenity, wherein the discontinuation signal is to immediately discontinue supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity, the downtime schedule indicating a scheduled downtime for scheduling downtime of the hydrogen amenity;
in response to receiving the discontinuation signal, operate the one or more valves to immediately discontinue supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
in response to receiving the downtime schedule, operate the one or more valves according to the downtime schedule to discontinue supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity during the downtime.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises:
the one or more sensor units, each of the one or more sensor units configured to:
sense, for a section of the hydrogen amenity, at least one of the concentration level of the hydrogen, the concentration level of the metal particles in the hydrogen, the temperature value of the hydrogen, the pressure value of the hydrogen, the humidity value, the deviation level of the electrochemical liquid, and the image of the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
generate the sensor data for the section of the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the processing engine is configured to:
analyze the sensor data with a pre-trained leakage detection model to ascertain the occurrence of the hydrogen leakage event, wherein the pre-trained leakage detection model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the hydrogen leakage event; and
determine the corresponding section of the hydrogen amenity for installing each sensor unit of the one or more sensor units based on at least one of an aperture of the sensor unit, a material of the hydrogen amenity, and a material of the sensor unit.

### Claim 8

A method comprising:
receiving, by a hydrogen leakage detection unit, sensor data associated with a section of a hydrogen amenity, from a sensor unit installed proximate to the section of the hydrogen amenity, the hydrogen amenity being one of a hydrogen storage facility and a hydrogen transportation line, wherein the sensor data includes at least one of a concentration level of hydrogen within the section of the hydrogen amenity, a concentration level of metal particles in the hydrogen, a temperature value of the hydrogen, a pressure value of the hydrogen, a humidity value around the section, a deviation level of an electrochemical liquid within the sensor unit, and an image of the section of the hydrogen amenity;
processing, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, the sensor data to determine a probable occurrence of hydrogen leakage at the section of the hydrogen amenity;
determining, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, an estimated leakage time for the probable occurrence of hydrogen leakage, based on the sensor data;
utilizing a pre-trained leakage time estimation model, wherein the pre-trained leakage time estimation model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the probable occurrence of hydrogen leakage;
scheduling, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, a downtime for the hydrogen amenity based on the estimated leakage time to enable repair of the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
transmitting, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, an alert notification to at least one of a user device and a control unit to take a preventive action for preventing the hydrogen leakage within the hydrogen amenity, the alert notification including:
identification data for at least one of the hydrogen amenity and the section of the hydrogen amenity;
at least one of an indication of the probable occurrence of hydrogen leakage and the estimated leakage time; and
a downtime schedule indicating the scheduled downtime for the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
analyzing the sensor data with a pre-trained leakage detection model to ascertain the occurrence of the hydrogen leakage event, wherein the pre-trained leakage detection model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the hydrogen leakage event; and
scheduling, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, a downtime for the hydrogen amenity based on the estimated leakage time to enable repair of the section of the hydrogen amenity;
generating, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, a downtime schedule indicating the scheduled downtime; and
transmitting, by the hydrogen leakage detection unit, the downtime schedule to the control unit associated with the hydrogen amenity to stop supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity during the downtime, wherein the control unit is configured to control supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
determining the section of the hydrogen amenity for installing the sensor unit based on at least one of an aperture of the sensor unit, a material of the hydrogen amenity, and a material of the sensor unit.

### Claim 11

A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions for detecting hydrogen leakage in a hydrogen amenity, the instructions being executable by a processing resource to:
receive sensor data associated with a section of a hydrogen amenity, from a sensor unit installed proximate to the section of the hydrogen amenity, the hydrogen amenity being one of a hydrogen storage facility and a hydrogen transportation line, wherein the sensor data includes at least one of a concentration level of hydrogen within the section of the hydrogen amenity, a concentration level of metal particles in the hydrogen, a temperature value of the hydrogen, a pressure value of the hydrogen, a humidity value around the section, a deviation level of an electrochemical liquid within the sensor unit, and an image of the section of the hydrogen amenity;
process the sensor data to determine an occurrence of hydrogen leakage at the section of the hydrogen amenity;
determine a hydrogen leakage amount based on the sensor data;
determine an estimated leakage time for the occurrence of hydrogen leakage based on the sensor data utilizing a pre-trained leakage time estimation model, wherein the pre-trained leakage time estimation model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the occurrence of hydrogen leakage;
schedule a downtime for the hydrogen amenity based on the estimated leakage time to enable repair of the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
transmit an alert notification to at least one of a user device and a control unit to take one or more preventive measures for preventing the hydrogen leakage within the hydrogen amenity, the alert notification including:
identification data for at least one of the hydrogen amenity and the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
at least one of an indication of the occurrence of hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage amount, and a site visit recommendation, generated based on the hydrogen leakage amount, for a user of the user device.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing resource to:
analyze the sensor data with a pre-trained leakage detection model to determine the occurrence of hydrogen leakage, wherein the pre-trained leakage detection model is developed based on statistical analysis of historical variations in the sensor data associated to the occurrence of hydrogen leakage;
generate a discontinuation signal to initiate discontinuation of supply of hydrogen to the section of the hydrogen amenity; and
transmit the discontinuation signal to the control unit configured to control supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen amenity.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing resource to:
generate the site visit recommendation based on a comparison of the hydrogen leakage amount and a safe hydrogen level threshold; and
select a service technician, from a plurality of service technicians, based on at least one of a service rating of the corresponding service technician and a distance of the corresponding service technician from the section of the hydrogen amenity, wherein the alert notification is transmitted to the user device associated to the selected service technician.