Catalytic reaction unit and reactive distillation column

A catalytic reaction unit, comprising:

• a plurality of catalyst bed layers that are arranged vertically inside a housing, each of the catalyst bed layers comprises a layer of solid catalyst, and an inclined surface disposed above the layer of solid catalyst;
• a liquid phase feeding subunit disposed above a topmost catalyst bed layer, configured to introduce a liquid phase feed into the each of catalyst bed layers from top to bottom, and wherein the liquid phase feed is guided by the inclined surface into the layer of solid catalyst in the corresponding catalyst bed layer;
• a gas phase feeding subunit having a plurality of gas inlets to introduce a gas phase feed into the housing, each gas inlet is disposed between a upper catalyst bed layer and a lower catalyst bed layer that are adjacent to each other,
• a gas phase channel connected to a top inlet disposed at a top of the housing and extending from top of the housing through the plurality of catalyst layer beds and in fluid connection with a space between the inclined surface and the layer of solid catalyst in each of the catalyst bed layers, so that a gas phase product generated by reaction of the gas phase feed with the liquid phase feed in the catalyst bed layer is configured to enter the gas phase channel;
• and
• a bottom outlet disposed at a bottom of the housing,
• wherein each catalyst bed layer is further provided with:
• an overflow weir arranged at a side adjacent to the gas phase channel;
• and
• a liquid-sealing baffle arranged at an upper part of the overflow weir and configured to separate the gas phase feed from the gas phase product,
• wherein the liquid-sealing baffle comprises:
• a horizontal part, which is in an annular flat plate shape and disposed above the overflow weir;
• and
• a vertical part, which is in a cylindrical shape and is integrally formed with the horizontal part, and a lower end of the vertical part is spaced apart from the bottom of the catalyst bed layer.