Coating comprising anti-microbial particles, methods of preparation and uses thereof

A coating comprising anti-microbial particles and a matrix, wherein the particles comprise:

• (i) an inorganic core;
• and
• (ii) an anti-microbial active unit chemically bound to the core;
• wherein the anti-microbial active unit is connected via a bond or via a third linker to the core;
• wherein the anti-microbial active unit comprises a monomeric unit comprising an anti-microbial active group;
• and
• wherein the number of the anti-microbial active groups per each anti-microbial active unit is between 1-200;
• wherein said particles are represented by structure (1) or (I):
• wherein
• the core is an inorganic material;
• L1 is a first linker or a bond;
• L2 is a second linker;
• L3 is a third linker or a bond;
• R1 and R1′ are each independently alkyl, terpenoid, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R2 and R2′ are each independently alkyl, terpenoid, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R3 and R3′ are each independently nothing, hydrogen, alkyl, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• wherein if R3 or R3′ are nothing, the nitrogen is not charged;
• X1 and X2 is each independently a bond, alkylene, alkenylene, or alkynylene;
• p is a surface density, defined by the number of anti-microbial active units per one sq nm of the core surface, wherein said density is of between 0.01-30 anti-microbial units per one sq nm of the core surface of the particle;
• n1 is each independently an integer between 0 to 200;
• n2 is each independently an integer between 0 to 200;
• wherein n1+n2≥2;
• and
• m is an integer between 1 to 200 and the repeating unit is the same or different;
• or
• wherein
• the core is an inorganic material;
• L4 is a first linker or a bond;
• L5 is a second linker;
• L6 is a third linker or a bond;
• Z1
• Z2 is
• R4 and R4′ are each independently methyl, CF3, perhaloalkyl, aryl, benzyl, 2,2-disubstituted C3-C20 alkyl, 2,2,2-trisubstituted ethyl, —CH2C(═O)OR, —CH2C(═O) OC(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)OR, —CH2C(═O) SR, —C(═O)OR, —C(═O) OC(═O)R, —C(═S)OR, —C(═O) SR, —C(═O)—R, —C(═S)—R, —CH2C(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)R, —CH2CF3, —CH2NO2, 1-alkenyl, 1-alkynyl, 2-alkenyl, 2-alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R5 and R5′ are each independently methyl, CF3, perhaloalkyl, aryl, benzyl, 2,2-disubstituted C3-C20 alkyl, 2,2,2-trisubstituted ethyl, —CH2C(═O)OR, —CH2C(═O) OC(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)OR, —CH2C(═O) SR, —C(═O)OR, —C(═O) OC(═O)R, —C(═S)OR, —C(═O) SR, —C(═O)—R, —C(═S)—R, —CH2C(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)R, —CH2CF3, —CH2NO2, 1-alkenyl, 1-alkynyl, 2-alkenyl, 2-alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R6 and R6′ are each independently absent, methyl, CF3, perhaloalkyl, 2,2-disubstituted C3-C20 alkyl, 2,2,2-trisubstituted ethyl, —CH2C(═O)OR, —CH2C(═O) OC(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)OR, —CH2C(═O) SR, —C(═O)OR, —C(═O) OC(═O)R, —C(═S)OR, —C(═O) SR, —C(═O)—R, —C(═S)—R, —CH2C(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)R, —CH2CF3, —CH2NO2, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, phenyl, benzyl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, 1-alkenyl, 1-alkynyl, 2-alkenyl, 2-alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R7 and R7′ are each independently methyl, CF3, perhaloalkyl, aryl, benzyl, 2,2-disubstituted C3-C20 alkyl, 2,2,2-trisubstituted ethyl, —CH2C(═O)OR, —CH2C(═O) OC(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)OR, —CH2C(═O) SR, —C(═O)OR, —C(═O) OC(═O)R, —C(═S)OR, —C(═O) SR, —C(═O)—R, —C(═S)—R, —CH2C(═O)R, —CH2C(═S)R, —CH2CF3, —CH2NO2, 1-alkenyl, 1-alkynyl, 2-alkenyl, 2-alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R8 and R8′ are each independently H, alkyl, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R9 and R9′ are each independently H, alkyl, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof,
• R10 and R10′ are each independently H, alkyl, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• R11 and R11′ are each independently H, alkyl, terpenoid moiety, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, a conjugated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or any combination thereof;
• X3 and X4 are each independently a bond, alkylene, arylene, alkenylene, alkynylene or any combination thereof;
• X5 and X6 are each independently a bond, —O—C(═O)—, methylene, —O—C(═O)—CH2—, 2,2-disubstituted C2-C20 alkylene, arylene, phenylene, benzylene, cycloalkylene, a heterocycle, a conjugated alkylene, a terpenoid moiety, 1-alkenylene, 1-alkynylene, 2-alkenylene, 2-alkynylene or any combination thereof,
• R is alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle or any combination thereof;
• p is a surface density, defined by the number of anti-microbial active unit per one sq nm of the core surface,
• wherein said density is of between 0.01-30 anti-microbial units per one sq nm of the core surface of the particle;
• n1 is each independently an integer between 0 to 200;
• n2 is each independently an integer between 0 to 200;
• wherein n1+n2≥1;
• and
• m is an integer between 1 to 200 and the repeating unit is the same or different.