Smart platform bioprinting bed with at least one controllable stimulator

An adjustable platform for a bioprinter, wherein the adjustable platform comprises:

• a housing having an upper surface with a support region having a base plate at an upper printing surface thereof for receiving biomaterial, the base plate being conductive to transmit one or more stimuli to the biomaterial for 4D printing of the biomaterial;
• at least one stimulator that is mounted within the housing and coupled to the base plate, the at least one stimulator being configured to provide one or more stimuli to the biomaterial during printing and/or after printing for effecting a change in characteristic of the biomaterial including structure and/or morphology, wherein the at least one stimulator comprises a mechanical stimulator and an electromagnetic (EM) stimulator;
• wherein the EM stimulator comprises a plurality of sets of electromagnetic coils comprising a first set of electromagnetic coils arranged to generate first EM fields in the XY plane and a second set of electromagnetic coils arranged to generate second EM fields in the Z plane;
• wherein the EM stimulator is configured to cause the first EM fields and the second EM fields to have a frequency of about 200 kHz to about 1 MHz;
• and
• a thermal stimulator comprising at least one thermoelectric cell that is located under the base plate and is electrically coupled to a thermal controller for receiving a control signal therefrom to generate one or more thermal stimuli with a controllable amplitude and duration.