US 12,756,489 B2 · Method for calculating spatial non-stationary wireless channel capacity for large-scale antenna array communications

Abstract

A method for calculating the spatial non-stationary wireless channel capacity for large-scale antenna array communications, includes the following steps: first, constructing a spatial non-stationary channel model with a large-scale antenna array having the mutual coupling effect; building a channel measurement system for the large-scale antenna array, and obtaining measurement data; next, optimizing parameters of the channel model, and simulating the spatial cross-correlation function, then calculating the spatial stationary interval and calculating the channel capacity within the interval and the total channel capacity; and finally comparing simulation results with measurement results, to verify the correctness of the calculation method. The method for calculating the channel capacity of a spatial non-stationary large-scale antenna array provided in the present invention can be effectively applied to a channel having non-stationary characteristics, thereby solving the limitation of Shannon channel capacity formula calculation.

A method for calculating a spatial non-stationary wireless channel capacity for large-scale antenna array communication, comprising:

Step 1, constructing a non-stationary channel model for a large-scale antenna array having a mutual coupling effect;
Step 2, building a channel measurement system for the large-scale antenna array, to obtain measurement data;
Step 3, optimizing simulation parameters for a channel of the large-scale antenna array, and simulating a spatial cross-correlation function;
Step 4, proposing and calculating a spatial stationary interval according to the spatial cross-correlation function;
Step 5, calculating a channel capacity within the interval and the total channel capacity according to the stationary interval;
and
Step 6, comparing simulation results with measurement results, to verify correctness of a capacity calculation of the non-stationary channel,
wherein steps of Step 1 are specifically as follows:
Step 101, constructing a channel matrix H=[PL·SH·BL·OL]1/2·Hs for a non-stationary massive MIMO channel model, where PL denotes a path loss, SH denotes a shadowing that follows a lognormal distribution, BL denotes a blockage loss, and OL denotes an oxygen loss;
Hs=[hqp(t,τ)]MR×MT denotes a small-scale fading matrix, MR and MT denote the number of antennas at the receiving and transmitting terminal, respectively;
Step 102, modeling a spherical wavefront;
wherein a distance
d
p
,
m
n
T
(
t
)
between the transmitting terminal and a n-th cluster through an m-th ray at time instant t is represented as:
d
p
,
m
n
T
(
t
)
=
d
m
n
T
-
[
l
p
T
+
∫
0
t
v
T
(
t
)
-
v
A
n
(
t
)
⁢
dt
]
where
l
p
T
denotes a length or an antenna at the transmitting terminal,
d
m
n
T
denotes a distance vector from a first transmitting antenna to a first cluster on a n-th path through the m-th ray at an initial time, vT(t) and vAn(t) denote moving speeds of the transmitting terminal and the first cluster on the n-th path at time t, respectively;
Step 103, modeling an evolution on an array axis;
characterizing, by utilizing a generation and disappearance process, generations and disappearances of clusters, wherein for the transmitting terminal, a survival probability of the cluster on the array axis is calculated by a following equation:
P
sur
T
(
δ
q
)
=
exp
-
λ
R
·
δ
q
⁢
cos
⁢
β
E
T
D
c
A
where λR denotes a disappearance rate of the cluster, δp denotes a distance from a first antenna to a p-th antenna at the transmitting terminal,
D
c
A
denotes a scenario-dependent coefficient in a spatial domain;
similarly, a survival probability of the receiving terminal is:
P
sur
R
(
δ
q
)
=
exp
-
λ
R
·
δ
q
⁢
cos
⁢
β
E
R
D
c
A
where δq denotes a distance from a first antenna to a q-th antenna at the receiving terminal,
β
E
T
⁢
and
⁢
β
E
R
denote an elevation angle of an antenna array of the transmitting terminal and an elevation angle of an antenna array of the receiving terminal respectively;
therefore, a number of newly generated clusters generated by a spatial evolution is represented as:
E
[
N
new
]
=
λ
G
λ
R
⁢
(
1
-
P
sur
(
δ
p
,
δ
q
)
)
where λG denotes a generation rate of the clusters;
Step 104, modeling a mutual coupling effect between antennas;
describing the mutual coupling between the antennas by utilizing an impedance matrix, obtaining a multi-port model by correlating antenna currents and antenna voltages with port currents and port voltages:
[
u
1
u
2
]
=
[
Z
11
Z
12
Z
21
Z
22
]
[
i
1
i
2
]
where u1, i1 denote port voltages and port currents at the transmitting terminal, respectively and u2, i2 denote port voltages and port currents at the receiving terminal, respectively, Z11, Z22 denote a transmitting impedance matrix and a receiving impedance matrix respectively, and Z12, Z21 denote mutual impedance matrixes;
representing, when considering a uniform linear array of isotropic antennas, a mutual coupling effect considering an input and a load impedance as:
c
p
=
(
Z
G
+
Z
L
)
⁢
(
Z
+
Z
L
⁢
I
)
-
1
where ZG denotes an input impedance of an element in a free space, and ZL is a matched load impedance;
a current vector is represented as I and a matrix Z is extended to:
[
Z
]
=
[
Z
G
+
Z
L
Z
12
…
Z
1
⁢
q
Z
12
Z
G
+
Z
L
…
Z
2
⁢
q
⋮
⋮
⋱
⋮
Z
q
⁢
1
Z
q
⁢
2
…
Z
G
+
Z
L
]
expressing, after adding the mutual coupling effect, a channel matrix as:
G
=
c
p
R
-
1
/
2
·
H
·
c
p
T
-
1
/
2
where
c
p
R
⁢
and
⁢
c
p
T
denote a coupling matrix of the receiving terminal and a coupling matrix of the transmitting terminal respectively.

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Method for calculating spatial non-stationary wireless channel capacity for large-scale antenna array communications

Life of this patent

Method for calculating spatial non-stationary wireless channel capacity for large-scale antenna array communications

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims5