Rechargeable lithium battery with an improved ε-VOPO4 cathode, and applications thereof
AssigneeThe Research Foundation for The State University of New York
InventorsKrystal Lee, Carrie Siu, Fengxia Xin, M. Stanley Whittingham
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Abstract
A lithium battery with an improved cathode. The cathode comprises the epsilon polymorph of vanadyl phosphate, ε-VOPO4, made from solvothermally synthesized H2VOPO4, and optimized to reversibly intercalate two Li-ions to reach full theoretical capacity with a coulombic efficiency of 98%. This material adopts a stable 3D tunnel structure and can extract two Li-ions per vanadium ion, giving a theoretical capacity of 305 mAh/g, with an upper charge/discharge plateau at around 4.0 V, and one lower at around 2.5 V The ε-VOPO4 particles may be modified with niobium (Nb) to improve the cycling stability.
Claims21
A lithium battery, comprising:
- a cathode formed with ε-VOPO4 particles modified to comprise a component having unit cell properties different from unmodified ε-VOPO4, wherein ε-VOPO4 within the ε-VOPO4 particles has a dual lithium ion exchange characteristic, and wherein the cathode has a capacity of at least 260 mAh/g at a discharge rate of C/20;
- and
- a lithium metal anode.
A lithium battery, comprising:
- a cathode formed with ε-VOPO4 particles having a partial substitution of niobium for vanadium, wherein the ε-VOPO4 has a dual lithium ion exchange characteristic, and wherein the cathode has a capacity of at least 260 mAh/g at a discharge rate of C/20;
- an anode;
- and
- an electrolyte.
A lithium battery, comprising:
- a cathode formed with ε-VOPO4 particles modified to comprise a first unmodified ε-VOPO4 component and a second component having unit cell properties different from unmodified ε-VOPO4, wherein the ε-VOPO4 particles have a dual lithium ion exchange characteristic, and wherein the cathode has a capacity of at least 260 mAh/g at a discharge rate of C/20;
- an anode;
- and
- an electrolyte.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.