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US 12,754,160 B2Granted
Self-calibrated electrochemical sensors
AssigneeVirginia Commonwealth University
InventorsXuewei Wang, Nafesa Adil
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Provided herein is a self-calibrating electrochemical sensor, which includes an indicator electrode, a reference electrode, and a calibration bridge that connects the indicator electrode and the reference electrode. The calibration bridge has an ion-conducting or electron-conducting phase that establishes a pre-measuring baseline electrochemical signal. When the sample to be tested is introduced to the sensor, the change in the electrochemical signal relative to the baseline is used to detect and/or quantify the analyte in the sample. The built-in calibration phase does not need to be removed when the sample is tested.
Claims30
A self-establishing baseline electrochemical signal based self-calibrated electrochemical (SCE) sensor, comprising:
- an indicator electrode, comprising an ion-sensitive phase coupled to a first electron conductor and forming a sample first contact surface configured to interface an aqueous sample;
- a reference electrode, comprising a reference phase coupled to a second electron conductor and forming a sample second contact surface configured to interface the aqueous sample, spatially arranged relative to the indicator electrode such that the sample first contact surface and the sample first contact surface are spaced apart by a space and, when the aqueous sample is in the space, are in concurrent interfacing contact with the aqueous sample;
- and
- a calibration bridge, extending between and coupled to the reference electrode and the indicator electrode, and configured to establish, without the aqueous sample being in the space and irrespective of the aqueous sample being in the accommodating space, a baseline electrochemical signal between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode, the calibration bridge comprising:
- a conducting phase channel, extending between and electrically coupled to the reference phase of the reference electrode and the ion-sensitive phase of the indicator electrode and comprising an ion-conducting phase or an electron-conducting phase, the ion-conducting phase or the electron-conducting phase being configured to establish the baseline electrochemical signal in response to the conducting phase channel extending between and being electrically coupled to the reference phase of the reference electrode and the ion-sensitive phase of the indicator electrode, and
- a channel support and separation structure, extending between the reference electrode and the indicator electrode and configured to support the conducting phase channel and comprising a barrier or being configured to form a barrier, the barrier being configured to prevent mixing of the conducting phase channel with the aqueous sample when in the space.
3 more elements
A self-stablishing baseline electrochemical signal based self-calibrated electrochemical (SCE) sensor, comprising:
- an indicator electrode comprising an electron conductor modified with glucose oxidase-based coatings configured for detection of glucose;
- a reference electrode, separated from the indicator electrode by a spacing configured to receive and accommodate an aqueous sample such that the reference electrode and the indicator electrode have concurrent interfacing contact with the aqueous sample;
- and
- a calibration bridge that extends between and is electrically coupled to the indicator electrode and the reference electrode, and is configured to establish without the aqueous sample in the spacing and irrespective of the aqueous sample being in the spacing, a baseline electrochemical signal between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode,
- wherein the calibration bridge comprises:
- a conducting phase channel, extending between and electrically coupled to the reference electrode and the indicator electrode and comprising an ion-conducting phase or an electron-conducting phase that is configured to establish the baseline electrochemical signal in response to the conducting phase channel extending between and being electrically coupled to the reference electrode and the indicator electrode, and
- a channel support and separation structure, extending between the reference electrode and the indicator electrode and configured to support the conducting phase channel and comprising a barrier or being configured to form a barrier, the barrier being configured to prevent mixing of the conducting phase channel with the aqueous sample when in the accommodating space.
4 more elements
A self-stablishing baseline electrochemical signal based self-calibrated electrochemical (SCE) sensor, comprising:
- an indicator electrode comprising an electron conductor modified with functional coatings configured for detection of specific analytes;
- a reference electrode, separated from the indicator electrode by a spacing configured to receive an aqueous sample, as a received aqueous sample, the indicator electrode and the reference electrode being spatially arranged such that, when the received aqueous sample is in the spacing, the reference electrode and the indicator electrode have concurrent interfacing contact with the received aqueous sample;
- and
- a calibration bridge that extends between and electrically couples the indicator electrode with the reference electrode and is configured to establish without the aqueous sample in the spacing a baseline electrochemical signal between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode, and to continue the baseline electrochemical signal irrespective of the aqueous sample being in the spacing, wherein the calibration bridge comprises:
- a conducting phase channel, extending between and electrically coupled to the reference electrode and the indicator electrode and comprising an ion-conducting phase or an electron-conducting phase, the ion-conducting phase or the electron-conducting phase being configured to establish the baseline electrochemical signal in response to the conducting phase channel extending between and being electrically coupled to the reference electrode and the indicator electrode, and
- a channel support and separation structure, extending between the reference electrode and the indicator electrode and configured to support the conducting phase channel and comprising a barrier or being configured to form a barrier, the barrier being configured to prevent mixing of the conducting phase channel with the aqueous sample when in the spacing.
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.