Methods relating to anti-IL-1 therapy and anti-IL-6 therapy and hypersensitivity

A method of treating a subject receiving, or in need of, an anti-IL-1 or an anti-IL-6 therapy, the method comprising

• detecting a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*15 allele or HLA-DRB5*01:01 allele in a biological sample of the subject;
• and
• for the subject receiving an anti-IL-1 or an anti-IL-6 therapy, performing an action selected from (i) discontinuing the anti-IL-1 or anti-IL-6 therapy, (ii) administering an altered dose of the anti-IL-1 or anti-IL-6 therapy;
• or (iii) administering the anti-IL-1 or an anti-IL-6 therapy in combination with an additional therapy;
• or
• for the subject in need of an anti-IL-1 or an anti-IL-6 therapy, administering an alternative to anti-IL-1 or an anti-IL-6 therapy to the subject, wherein the alternative therapy comprises one or more therapies selected from intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG), a calcineurin inhibitor, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, a TNF inhibitor, a corticosteroid, a T-cell inhibitor, and an IL-5 inhibitor therapy,
• wherein the anti-IL-1 or anti-IL-6 therapy is anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept, tocilizumab, sarilumab, or satralizumab therapy,
• wherein the subject in need of an anti-IL-1 or anti-IL-6 therapy is a subject having an inflammatory disease selected from systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), adult onset Still's disease (AOSD), Kawasaki disease (KD), polyarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, undifferentiated autoinflammatory disorder, giant cell arteritis, and COVID-19 related cytokine storm.