Crossbar array apparatuses based on compressed-truncated singular value decomposition (C-TSVD) and analog multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation methods using the same

An analog multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation method comprising:

• calculating an original crossbar array in an m×n matrix having n row input lines and m column output lines, the matrix including cells of a resistance memory device, where n and m are natural numbers;
• selectively performing compressed-truncated singular value decomposition (C-TSVD) decomposing the original crossbar array into two partial crossbar arrays;
• partitioning the original crossbar array into sub-arrays, or partitioning the two partial crossbar arrays into sub-arrays, in accordance with a result of selectively performing the C-TSVD;
• inputting input values to row input lines of the sub-arrays;
• multiplying a weight by the input values and accumulating multiplication results in the sub-arrays and outputting output values to the column output lines of the sub-arrays;
• analog to digital (AD) converting the output values of the column output lines by using an analog to digital converter (ADC);
• and
• summing up the ADC results to correspond to the column output lines by using an adder,
• wherein a crossbar array apparatus corresponding to one layer of a neural network is used in neuromorphic computing,
• wherein the crossbar array apparatus comprises the original crossbar array or the two partial crossbar arrays, the ADC, the adder, and a controller, and
• wherein, in the selectively performing of the C-TSVD, application of the original crossbar array or the two partial crossbar arrays is controlled by the controller.