Durable lubricant-reacted nanocomposite coatings for preventing liquid- and solid-fouling and methods for preparing the same

A method of making a durable solid and liquid repellant material, the method comprising:

• mixing (i) a polymeric precursor having a first reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of:
• isocyanate, alkene, amine, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and combinations thereof, (ii) a polyol having a second reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of:
• hydroxyl group, amine, carboxylic acid, and combinations thereof, (iii) a plurality of nanoparticles comprising silicon dioxide (SiO2) and (iv) a catalyst to form an admixture;
• applying the admixture to a surface of a substrate comprising reactive groups capable of reacting with the first reactive functional group;
• heating the admixture on the substrate;
• adding a reactive oil to the admixture on the substrate;
• and
• curing the admixture to promote a partial crosslinking reaction between the first reactive functional group and the second reactive functional group to form a polymeric matrix disposed over the substrate and reacting the first reactive functional group with at least a portion of the plurality of nanoparticles and the reactive oil, so that the polymeric matrix has a plurality of lubricating domains provided by the reactive oil distributed therein.