Determining a biopotential of deep layer muscles

A non-transitory computer readable medium containing software that, when executed by a processor, determines a biopotential of deep layer muscles using a plurality of electrodes on skin of a subject in a pattern corresponding to muscle tissue fibers of the subject where a first subset of the plurality of electrodes is electrically coupled to form a common reference node having a reference potential, the software comprising:

• executable code that determines a plurality of bipotential signal differences for a second subset of electrodes that are not members of the first subset, including, for each of the plurality of the second subset of electrodes, determining a biopotential difference between a biopotential detected by each of the non-member electrodes and the reference potential;
• and
• executable code that, for at least one of the second subset of electrodes, determines an extent of the biopotential difference attributable to at least one deep-layer muscle based on a difference between a first measured value at a first point in time of the biopotential difference at the at least one electrode and a second measured value at a second point in time different from the first point in time of a biopotential difference at an electrode of the second subset that is adjacent to the at least one electrode.

A device that determines a biopotential of deep layer muscles, comprising:

• a plurality of electrodes that are arrangeable on skin of a subject in a pattern corresponding to muscle tissue fibers of the subject, a first subset of the plurality of electrodes being coupled to form a common reference node having a reference potential;
• and
• a digital signal processor that receives signals from the plurality of electrodes and determines a plurality of bipotential signal differences for a second subset of electrodes of the plurality of electrodes that are not members of the first subset, including, for each of the plurality of the second subset of electrodes, determining a biopotential difference between a biopotential detected by each of the second subset of electrodes and the reference potential and, for each of the second subset of electrodes, determines an extent of the biopotential difference attributable to at least one deep-layer muscle based on a difference between a first measured value at a first point in time of the biopotential difference at the at least one electrode and a second measured value at a second point in time different from the first point in time of a biopotential difference at an electrode of the second subset that is adjacent to the at least one electrode.