Antenna and electronic device comprising same

An electronic device of a wireless communication system, the electronic device comprising:

• a plurality of array antennas comprising a first antenna array;
• a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC);
• and
• a board on which the plurality of array antennas and the RFIC are arranged,
• wherein the first antenna array comprises:
• a first layer including a first transmission line transmitting a radio frequency (RF) signal and a metal layer having a plurality of openings through which the RF signal passes;
• a second layer including a plurality of dielectrics changing a phase of the RF signal;
• a third layer on which a plurality of first antenna elements corresponding to the plurality of dielectrics are arranged;
• and
• a plurality of second transmission lines directly connected to the plurality of first antenna elements, respectively, in the third layer,
• wherein a first surface of each of the plurality of dielectrics is oriented toward the first layer,
• wherein a second surface opposite to the first surface of each of the plurality of dielectrics is oriented toward the third layer,
• wherein each of the plurality of first antenna elements is arranged to correspond to at least one of the plurality of dielectrics,
• wherein each of the plurality of dielectrics has a dielectric constant which is variable based on a voltage applied to the second transmission lines,
• wherein the first transmission line is disposed on the first layer that is parallel to and spaced apart from the third layer, and wherein the first transmission line extends in a direction orthogonal to an extension direction of the plurality of second transmission lines in a plan view,
• wherein the plurality of first antenna elements are arranged along a first direction in which the first transmission line is disposed,
• wherein each of the plurality of second transmission lines is directly connected to a first point of a corresponding antenna element among the plurality of first antenna elements,
• wherein the first point includes an area corresponding to a center of a length of the corresponding antenna element with respect to the first direction,
• wherein the first point is located in a potential zero region in which electrical energy is zero or does not change with time, and
• wherein a spacing between adjacent first antenna elements is less than half a wavelength of an operating frequency.