Diffuser using collision of vortex rings and heat storage tank system including same

A heat storage system comprising:

• a heat storage tank, wherein:
• the heat storage tank includes an upper circulation line that is configured to supply fluid to or from the heat storage tank via an upper external supply line,
• the heat storage tank includes a lower circulation line that is configured to supply fluid to or from the heat storage tank via a lower external supply line,
• supplying fluid to the heat storage tank via the upper external supply line causes fluid to be expelled from the heat storage tank via the lower external supply line, and
• supplying fluid to the heat storage tank via the lower external supply line causes fluid to be expelled from the heat storage tank via the upper external supply line;
• an upper diffuser positioned in an upper region of the heat storage tank, the upper diffuser being hydraulically connected to the upper circulation line that is configured to supply fluid to or from the heat storage tank, the upper diffuser including:
• a first upper nozzle having a first upper port formed on a first side of the upper diffuser, and
• a second upper nozzle having a second upper port formed on a second side of the upper diffuser that is opposite to the first side of the upper diffuser, wherein the first upper nozzle faces the second upper nozzle;
• and
• a lower diffuser positioned in a lower region of the heat storage tank, the lower diffuser being hydraulically connected to the lower circulation line that is configured to supply fluid to or from the heat storage tank, the lower diffuser including:
• a first lower nozzle having a first lower port formed on a first side of the lower diffuser, and
• a second lower nozzle having a second lower port formed on a second side of the lower diffuser that is opposite to the first side of the lower diffuser, wherein the first lower nozzle faces the second lower nozzle.