Microfluidic substrate, microfluidic chip and microfluidic system

A microfluidic substrate, having a first straight region extending in a first direction, a second straight region extending in a second direction and a first turning region, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction;

• both ends of the first turning region are respectively connected to the first straight region and the second straight region;
• the first turning region is substantially of a ring sector;
• the first turning region includes a first arc edge and a second arc edge that are opposite, and the first arc edge is closer to an inner side of the first turning region than the second arc edge;
• the microfluidic substrate comprises:
• a plurality of first straight driving electrodes arranged in the first direction and located in the first straight region;
• a plurality of second straight driving electrodes arranged in the second direction and located in the second straight region;
• and
• a plurality of turning driving electrodes located in the first turning region;
• a border of each turning driving electrode including at least one first reference point coinciding with the first arc edge and at least one second reference point coinciding with the second arc edge, wherein
• a radius of the first arc edge is greater than or equal to (√{square root over (3)}−1) times of a first dimension of a reference electrode, and a radius of the second arc edge is greater than or equal to 3/2 times of the first dimension of the reference electrode;
• the reference electrode is one of the plurality of first straight driving electrodes and the plurality of second straight driving electrodes, and the first dimension of the reference electrode is a dimension of an edge, perpendicular to a transport direction, of the reference electrode.