Techniques for migraine detection using a wearable device

A system for predicting migraine onset, comprising:

• a wearable device configured to acquire physiological data from a user, the physiological data comprising photoplethysmogram (PPG) data collected via one or more light-emitting components and one or more light-receiving components of the wearable device, wherein the physiological data is collected throughout a first time interval that includes one or more sleep periods of the user;
• and
• one or more processors communicatively coupled with the wearable device, wherein the one or more processors are configured to:
• receive the physiological data acquired via the wearable device via one or more electronic signals;
• classify, using a first machine learning model trained to perform sleep stage classification, the physiological data collected during the one or more sleep periods into a plurality of sleep stages, the plurality of sleep stages comprising at least a rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stage;
• input the physiological data into a second machine learning model, the second machine learning model trained to predict migraine onset based on a plurality of features within a training physiological dataset associated with one or more users, the plurality of features comprising a first feature associated with a decrease in a total sleep duration relative to previous sleep periods of the respective one or more users, and a second feature associated with a decrease in a total REM sleep duration relative to the previous sleep periods of the respective one or more users;
• generate, using the second machine learning model, a migraine prediction metric based at least in part on the plurality of features within the physiological data during the first time interval, the migraine prediction metric associated with a relative likelihood that the user will experience a migraine during a subsequent time interval;
• and
• transmit an instruction to a graphical user interface (GUI) of a user device associated with the wearable device, the instruction configured to cause the GUI to display information associated with the migraine prediction metric.