Microbattery, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

A method for preparing a microbattery, including the following steps:

• S1:
• preparing a manganese dioxide/3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polymer microelectrode comprising:
• S11:
• mixing nickel sulfate and ammonium sulfate to obtain a mixed solution A;
• and in the mixed solution A, using a metal-based micro interdigital microelectrode as a first working electrode and constructing a vertical three-dimensional porous structure composed of micron nickel particle clusters on the surface of the metal-based micro interdigital microelectrode by adopting a bubble-templated electrodeposition method;
• and
• S12:
• mixing manganese acetate and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene to obtain a mixed solution B;
• and in the mixed solution B, using the vertical three-dimensional porous structure composed of micron nickel particle clusters as a second working electrode and adopting an electrodeposition process at a cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition process to obtain the manganese dioxide/3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polymer microelectrode;
• wherein the manganese dioxide/3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polymer microelectrode is a vertical three-dimensional porous structure;
• S2:
• preparing a zinc-coated carbon nanotube microelectrode comprising:
• S21:
• dispersing carbon nanotubes into an ethanol solution, adding magnesium nitrate, and mixing a resulting mixture uniformly to obtain a mixed solution C;
• and in the mixed solution C, using a platinum sheet and a brass microelectrode as a cathode and an anode, respectively, and adopting an electrophoresis process under a constant voltage power supply to obtain an interdigital microelectrode;
• and
• S22:
• mixing zinc sulfate and sodium sulfate to obtain a mixed solution D;
• and in the mixed solution D, using the interdigital microelectrode as a third working electrode and adopting a constant voltage deposition method to deposit a metal zinc nanosheet on the surface of the third working electrode to obtain the zinc-coated carbon nanotube microelectrode;
• and
• S3:
• assembling the microbattery comprising:
• S31:
• using the manganese dioxide/3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polymer microelectrode and the zinc-coated carbon nanotube microelectrode as a cathode and an anode, respectively, and assembling the cathode and anode under an optical microscope;
• and
• S32:
• coating a surface of the assembled electrode with a manganese sulfate/zinc sulfate/xanthan gum gel electrolyte, and conducting packaging to obtain the microbattery.