Methods and systems for seismic imaging

A computing system, comprising:

• one or more processors;
• and
• a memory system comprising one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed by at least one of the one or more processors, cause the computing system to perform operations, the operations comprising:
• receiving seismic data from wellsite equipment disposed at a wellsite;
• recovering an initial estimation of an earth model based on the seismic data;
• performing a depth migration workflow based on the initial estimation of the earth model;
• revising the initial estimation of the earth model based on the results of depth migration workflow to produce an updated estimation of the earth model, wherein revising the initial estimation of the earth model based on the results of the depth migration workflow to produce the updated estimation of the earth model comprises compensating for transmission loss and even illumination within the seismic data;
• generating a seismic image from an optimal estimation of the earth model;
• displaying the seismic image on a screen related to the wellsite;
• and
• performing a wellsite action based on the seismic image, wherein performing the wellsite action comprises generating or transmitting a signal that instructs or causes an action to occur, wherein the action comprises a physical action, and wherein the physical action comprises selecting where to drill a wellbore in a subsurface formation, drilling the wellbore, varying a trajectory of the wellbore, varying a weight or torque on a drill bit that is drilling the wellbore, varying a rate or concentration of a fluid being pumped into the wellbore, deciding to stop drilling and pull a downhole equipment up before causing a twist-off, or a combination thereof.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a computing system, cause the computing system to perform operations, the operations comprising:

• receiving seismic data from wellsite equipment disposed at a wellsite;
• recovering an initial estimation of an earth model based on the seismic data;
• performing a depth migration workflow based on the initial estimation of the earth model, wherein the depth migration workflow is a least-squares full-waveform inversion (FWI)-derived reflectively (LS-FDR) workflow, wherein the LS-FDR workflow comprises utilizing a primary-only wavefield, multiple wavefields, or a combination thereof;
• revising the initial estimation of the earth model based on results of the depth migration workflow to produce an updated estimation of the earth model, wherein the initial estimation of the earth model is revised repeatedly using the LS-FDR workflow;
• generating a seismic image from an optimal estimation of the earth model;
• displaying the seismic image on a screen;
• and
• performing a wellsite action based on the seismic image, wherein performing the wellsite action comprises generating or transmitting a signal that instructs or causes an action to occur, wherein the action comprises a physical action, and wherein the physical action comprises selecting where to drill a wellbore in a subsurface formation, drilling the wellbore, varying a trajectory of the wellbore, varying a weight or torque on a drill bit that is drilling the wellbore, varying a rate or concentration of a fluid being pumped into the wellbore, deciding to stop drilling and pull a downhole equipment up before causing a twist-off, or a combination thereof.