Early fire detection system for an ESS battery module

An early fire detection system for an energy storage system (ESS) battery module, comprising:

• an air suction detector that is fitted to an exterior of the ESS battery module and detects fire by introducing gas inside the ESS battery module;
• a suction line, of which one end is connected to the ESS battery module, sucking gas inside the ESS battery module in real time and introducing the gas into the air suction detector;
• a suction pump that is fitted to one side of the suction line and supplies power for drawing air from inside the ESS battery module into the suction line;
• a multiple sensing unit that is fitted to one side of the suction line and senses a temperature of the gas introduced through the suction line, as well as any generated gas, the multiple sensing unit comprising:
• a temperature sensor that measures a temperature of gas introduced through the suction line, in real time;
• a humidity sensor that measures a humidity in real time;
• and
• a gas sensor that measures a concentration of the generated gas which is generated during thermal runaway, the gas sensor comprising a CO sensor, a CO2 sensor and a VOCs sensor, and
• a monitoring unit that receives measurements of concentration, temperature and humidity of the generated gas from the multiple sensing unit, primarily monitoring battery thermal runaway and secondarily monitoring a fire outbreak based on a smoke concentration measured in the air suction detector.