Systems including a hydrogen internal combustion engine and aftertreatment system

A system comprising:

• a hydrogen internal combustion engine configured to produce exhaust;
• an aftertreatment system in exhaust receiving communication with the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the aftertreatment system comprising a catalyst member;
• a sensor coupled to the aftertreatment system;
• and
• a controller configured to:
• receive, from the sensor, sensor data corresponding to a characteristic of the aftertreatment system,
• determine, based on the sensor data, an ammonia value associated with the aftertreatment system,
• compare the ammonia value to a threshold,
• upon determining that the ammonia value does not exceed the threshold, cause the hydrogen internal combustion engine to operate in a first engine operating mode in which the hydrogen internal combustion engine outputs a first amount of hydrogen in the exhaust, and
• upon determining that the ammonia value exceeds the threshold:
• initiate an ammonia slip control operation that comprises implementing an exhaust temperature command that increases a temperature of the exhaust, and
• during the ammonia slip control operation, cause the hydrogen internal combustion engine to operate in a second engine operating mode in which the hydrogen internal combustion engine outputs a second amount of the hydrogen in the exhaust, the second amount greater than the first amount.

A method of regenerating a catalyst member of an aftertreatment system, the method comprising:

• receiving, by a controller, vehicle data comprising at least one of a sulfur amount, a time duration, a number of miles, an exhaust temperature, a catalyst activity check, or a hydrogen amount,
• estimating, by the controller, the sulfur amount on the catalyst member based on the vehicle data;
• comparing, by the controller, the sulfur amount to a threshold;
• upon determining that the sulfur amount does not exceed the threshold, causing a hydrogen internal combustion engine to operate in a first engine operating mode in which the hydrogen internal combustion engine outputs a first amount of hydrogen in an exhaust;
• and
• upon determining that the sulfur amount does exceeds the threshold:
• initiating a sulfur regeneration operation that comprises implementing an exhaust temperature command that increases a temperature of the exhaust;
• and
• during the sulfur regeneration operation, causing the hydrogen internal combustion engine to operate in a second engine operating mode in which the hydrogen internal combustion engine outputs a second amount of the hydrogen, the second amount greater than the first amount.