Display substrate having a concave-convex structure on an insulating film layer and preparation method therefor, and display apparatus

A display substrate, comprising:

• a base substrate, at least one insulating film layer disposed on the base substrate, and first electrodes disposed on a side of the at least one insulating film layer away from the base substrate;
• wherein the at least one insulating film layer comprises a planarization layer, the planarization layer comprises a second concave-convex structure disposed on a side of the planarization layer away from the base substrate, the second concave-convex structure comprises a plurality of second convex portions, and a second concave portion is formed between two adjacent second convex portions, the plurality of second convex portions are serrated shapes, and a segment difference between the two adjacent second convex portions and the second concave portion is between 0.2 microns and 0.8 microns;
• wherein there is an overlapping area between an orthographic projection of the second concave-convex structure on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of the first electrodes on the base substrate.