Image forming apparatus having a photoreceptor with inorganic surface layer and a cleaning blade

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• a photoreceptor;
• a charging device that charges a surface of the photoreceptor;
• an electrostatic latent image forming device that forms an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor;
• a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photoreceptor to form a toner image;
• a transfer device that transfers the toner image to a surface of a recording medium;
• and
• a cleaning device that has a cleaning blade coming into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor to clean the surface of the photoreceptor,
• wherein the photoreceptor has an inorganic surface layer containing a Group 13 element and an oxygen element,
• the cleaning blade has an impregnated cured layer of an isocyanate compound and a silicone-modified acrylic polymer at a contact portion in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor,
• a 100% modulus of the cleaning blade, as measured in accordance with JIS K 6251:2017 using a No. 3 dumbbell shape test piece at a temperature of 23° C. and a relative humidity of 55% with a tensile rate of 500 mm/min, is 13 MPa or more and 22 MPa or less,
• a tip angle of the cleaning blade, which is an angle of a corner portion of the cleaning blade defined in a state where the cleaning blade is not in contact with the photoreceptor, is 60 degrees or more and 87 degrees or less, and
• an action angle of the cleaning blade with respect to the surface of the photoreceptor, defined as an angle formed by a tangent line with respect the cleaning blade and a tangent line with respect to the photoreceptor that pass through a contact point between the cleaning blade and the photoreceptor, is 8 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less.