Printed potentiometric sensors to measure ion concentration in soil
AssigneeThe Regents of the University of California
InventorsPayton Goodrich, Ana Claudia Arias, Carol Baumbauer, Margaret E. Payne, Anju Toor
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Abstract
An example apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a reference electrode and an ion selective electrode (ISE). The reference electrode includes a reference electrode substrate, a reference electrode conductor formed via a printable composition on the reference electrode substrate, and a reference membrane formed on the carbon nanotube layer. The ISE includes an ISE substrate, a ISE conductor printed on the substrate via a printable composition on the ISE substrate, and an ion-selective membrane printed on the conductor via a printable membrane solution.
Claims20
An apparatus, comprising:
- a reference electrode, comprising:
- a reference electrode substrate;
- a reference electrode conductor formed via a printable composition on the reference electrode substrate;
- a carbon nanotube layer formed on the reference electrode conductor;
- and
- a reference membrane formed on the carbon nanotube layer;
- and
- an ion selective electrode (ISE), comprising:
- an ISE substrate;
- an ISE conductor printed on the ISE substrate via a printable composition on the ISE substrate;
- an ion-selective membrane printed on the ISE conductor via a printable membrane solution;
- and
- a solution ion-to-electron transduction layer formed on the ISE conductor between the ISE conductor and the ion-selective membrane.
An apparatus, comprising:
- a stake;
- an antenna on the stake;
- a reference electrode, comprising:
- a reference electrode substrate;
- a reference electrode conductor formed via a printable composition on the reference electrode substrate;
- a carbon nanotube layer formed on the reference electrode conductor;
- and
- a reference membrane formed on the carbon nanotube layer;
- at least one ion selective electrode (ISE), comprising:
- an ISE substrate;
- an ISE conductor formed on the ISE substrate formed via a printable composition on the ISE substrate, wherein the ISE conductor comprises the printable composition of a wax binder and conductive particles;
- and
- an ion-selective membrane formed on the ISE conductor;
- and
- a controller communicatively coupled to the antenna, the reference electrode, and the at least one ISE to determine an ion concentration based on measurements received from the at least one ISE and transmit the ion concentration to a server via the antenna.
A method of fabricating a sensor, comprising:
- providing an ion selective electrode (ISE) substrate;
- printing a conductive trace on the ISE substrate;
- applying an encapsulant with an opening over the conductive trace and the ISE substrate, wherein the opening exposes a portion of the conductive trace;
- depositing an ISE membrane via a drop cast process onto the portion of the conductive trace exposed through the opening of the encapsulant to form an ISE;
- and
- providing a solution ion-to-electron transduction layer trace between the conductive trace and the ISE membrane.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.