Methods and systems for generating clarified and enhanced intraoperative imaging data

A system for clarifying and enhancing intraoperative images, comprising:

• one or more processors;
• one or more memories;
• and
• one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the one or more memories and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
• receiving one or more intraoperative images depicting a biological tissue and smoke;
• inputting the one or more intraoperative images into a trained neural network to obtain a clarified image depicting the biological tissue that is less obscured by smoke than at least one of the one or more received intraoperative images, wherein the trained neural network is trained by:
• inputting a simulated training image depicting smoke into the trained neural network to obtain a generated image;
• enhancing the generated image to obtain an enhanced generated image;
• enhancing a smoke-free training image corresponding to the simulated training image to obtain an enhanced smoke-free training image;
• calculating a first loss based on the generated image and the smoke-free training image and a second loss based on the enhanced smoke-free training image and the enhanced generated image;
• and
• updating the trained neural network based on the first loss and the second loss;
• enhancing, using an equalization algorithm, contrast in the clarified image to obtain an enhanced clarified intraoperative image;
• and
• displaying, on a display, the enhanced clarified intraoperative image.