Reference switch architectures for noncontact sensing of substances

A light measurement system, comprising:

• a light source configured to emit light into a sample;
• a detector comprising a first detector pixel and a second detector pixel;
• a first optics unit configured to:
• receive first light returned from a first location of the sample and focus the received first light at on a plane;
• and
• receive second light from a second location of the sample and focus the received second light on the plane;
• an aperture unit positioned at the plane and between the first optics unit and the detector, the aperture unit defining:
• a first opening configured to selectively transmit a portion of the received first light;
• and
• a second opening configured to selectively transmit a portion of the received second light;
• and
• a microoptics unit positioned between the aperture unit and the detector, wherein the microoptics unit comprises:
• a first optics configured to receive the portion of the received first light from the first opening and direct the portion of the received first light to the first detector pixel;
• and
• a second optics configured to receive the portion of the received second light from the second opening and direct the portion of the received second light to the second detector pixel.

A system for measuring concentration of a substance in a sample, the system comprising:

• a light source configured to emit light into the sample;
• a detector comprising a first detector pixel and a second detector pixel;
• a plurality of output regions located at an interface of the system and configured to:
• receive first light returned from a first location of the sample and focus the received first light at on a plane;
• and
• receive second light from a second location of the sample and focus the received second light on the plane;
• an aperture unit positioned at the plane and between the plurality of output regions and the detector, the aperture unit defining:
• a first opening configured to selectively transmit a portion of the received first light;
• and
• a second opening configured to selectively transmit a portion of the received second light;
• and
• an optics unit positioned between the aperture unit and the detector, the optics unit comprising:
• a first optics configured to receive the portion of the received first light from the first opening and direct the portion of the received first light to the first detector pixel;
• and
• a second optics configured to receive the portion of the received second light from the second opening and direct the portion of the received second light to the second detector pixel.