Solar cell and photovoltaic module

A solar cell, comprising:

• a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first surface is a light receiving surface or a back surface of the solar cell;
• and
• a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, wherein the side surface comprises a cut surface, the cut surface comprising a cut edge adjacent to the first surface and a break edge adjacent to the second surface, and wherein the cut surface comprises a plurality of first groove structures;
• and
• a first passivation layer formed on the cut surface, wherein the first passivation layer comprises aluminum oxide,
• wherein the cut surface comprises a first region adjacent to the cut edge and a second region farther away from the cut edge than the first region, wherein a ratio of oxygen to aluminum in at least a part of the first region is greater than a ratio of oxygen to aluminum in at least a part of the second region.