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US 12,699,080 B2Granted
Systems, methods and indicator materials for assessing reduction state in soils
AssigneeUniversity of Maryland, College Park
InventorMartin C. Rabenhorst
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Abstract
The present invention relates an indicator system for assessing a reduction state of unconsolidated material that includes a delivery tube defining an interior chamber, and a substrate disposed within the interior chamber and including a reactive coating thereon. The reactive coating is at least partially removable from the substrate upon exposure to a reducing condition of unconsolidated material over a period of time. An indicator device including a reactive coating comprising a manganese oxide is also disclosed.
Claims4
A method of producing a manganese oxide coating, comprising:
- reducing a potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution using sodium (Na) lactate, wherein Na lactate:KMnO4 molar ratio is greater than about 6.0;
- removing excess Na lactate after said reducing step via one or more washing cycles;
- and
- dialyzing said KMnO4 solution for at least 3 days after said step of removing excess Na lactate.
1 more element
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.