Preparation method and use of high-entropy alloy (HEA)@carbon fiber composite nanomaterial

A method for preparing a high-entropy alloy (HEA)@carbon fiber composite nanomaterial, comprising:

• (1) dissolving five or more metal salts of different metal elements in an organic solvent, adding a complexing agent to obtain a mixture, and then stirring the mixture at room temperature until the metal salts and the complexing agent are dissolved to obtain a mixed metal salt solution;
• (2) adding a polymer to the mixed metal salt solution obtained in step (1), dissolving by stirring, with a dissolution temperature of 20° C. to 80° C. and a dissolution time of 4 h to 36 h, to obtain an electrospinning precursor solution;
• (3) transferring the electrospinning precursor solution obtained in step (2) into a syringe and keeping the syringe and a syringe needle free of air bubbles, and then conducting electrospinning to obtain a precursor fiber membrane;
• and
• (4) subjecting the precursor fiber membrane obtained in step (3) to vacuum drying at a temperature of 40° C. to 80° C. for 12 h to 24 h, subjecting a resulting dried sample to pre-sintering in an air atmosphere, and then subjecting a resulting pre-sintered sample to calcination in an inert atmosphere to obtain the HEA@carbon fiber composite nanomaterial;
• wherein
• the electrospinning in step (3) is conducted under the following conditions:
• a positive voltage of 17 kV to 25 kV, a negative voltage of −0.5 kV to −2.0 kV, a syringe needle model of 23 to 20, a distance between the syringe needle and a receiver of 8 cm to 20 cm, a propulsion speed of 0.3 mm/min to 2.5 mm/min, an ambient temperature of 25° C. to 60° C., and an ambient humidity of 10% to 40%;
• and
• an aluminum foil or a silicone paper is used as the receiver, a receiving is achieved by one process selected from the group consisting of flat plate receiving and roller receiving, and during the receiving, a Taylor cone at a front end of the syringe needle remains stable without bifurcation.