Colloidosome with variable pore size and preparation method thereof

A method for preparing a colloidosome with a variable pore size, wherein the colloidosome is prepared by subjecting amphiphilic composite nanoparticles to water-oil two-phase emulsion and assembly at an interface to obtain a micelle, followed by crosslinking based on a template method, and wherein the colloidosome has a diameter of 1-15 μm;

• pores of the colloidosome are generated by stacking adjacent amphiphilic composite nanoparticles, and the variable pore size is controlled by changing a concentration and/or a number of the adjacent amphiphilic composite nanoparticles, wherein the colloidosome has a minimum pore size when the adjacent amphiphilic composite nanoparticles are stacked in a form of hexagonal close packing, wherein the pore with the minimum pore size has an area of (0.03−0.05)×d2 nm2, and wherein d refers to a diameter of each of the amphiphilic composite nanoparticles;
• and
• wherein the method for preparing the colloidosome with the variable pore size comprises the following steps:
• (1) modification of the amphiphilic composite nanoparticles:
• subjecting inorganic nanoparticles with a diameter or an equivalent diameter of 10-150 nm to surface modification by a silane ligand exchange method to enable surfaces of the inorganic nanoparticles modified with amino and/or carboxyl so as to form modified nanoparticles;
• (2) synthesis of a polymer chain:
• performing cationic polymerization with a boron trifluoride-ether complex as an initiator in an ultra-dry dichloromethane solvent to prepare an active polymer chain solution;
• (3) preparation of amphiphilic single-chain nanoparticles:
• dispersing the modified nanoparticles prepared in step (1) in ultra-dry dichloromethane to obtain a modified nanoparticle dispersion solution;
• slowly adding the active polymer chain solution prepared in step (2) into the modified nanoparticle dispersion solution under ultrasonic conditions, wherein a volume-mass ratio (mL of the active polymer chain solution:mg of the modified nanoparticles) is from 0.9:0.9 to 1.0:1.0;
• and performing ultrasonic treatment continuously to carry out a reaction for 0.8-1.5 h, then performing solid-liquid separation with a magnet, and washing a solid to obtain single-chain nanoparticles;
• and
• (4) preparation of the colloidosome with the variable pore size:
• placing 990-1,010 parts by weight of a water phase, 98-102 parts by weight of an oil phase and 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of the single-chain nanoparticles prepared in step (3) in a container, and performing emulsification to obtain a uniform oil-in-water emulsion;
• then adding glacial acetic acid to adjust a pH of the water phase to 4.8-5.2, and performing crosslinking with a glutaraldehyde aqueous solution, wherein a mass ratio of the glutaraldehyde aqueous solution to the single-chain nanoparticles is (1.2-1.5):1;
• and after a dynamic Schiff base bond is formed in a reaction at room temperature for 4-6 h, performing reduction with sodium borohydride to obtain the colloidosome with the variable pore size, wherein a mass ratio of the sodium borohydride to the glutaraldehyde aqueous solution is (0.5-1):1.