Prelithiated negative electrode, preparation method thereof, and lithium ion battery and supercapacitor comprising the same

A method of preparing a prelithiated negative electrode wherein the method comprises:

• mixing and dispersing a negative electrode active material, particles of a lithium-skeleton carbon composite material, a binder and a conductive additive with a high shear force under a solvent-free condition, wherein the mixing and dispersing is performed through a jet milling process, wherein a high pressure gas used in the jet milling has a dew point of −40° F. to −60° F., a moisture content of less than 15 ppm, and a pressure of 60 to 100 PSI;
• extruding and calendering the obtained mixture at a high temperature of 180 to 350° C. into an independent film-like material with a thickness;
• and
• pressure bonding the obtained film-like material onto a current collector,
• wherein the negative electrode active material is a negative electrode material for lithium battery, selected from at least one of a silicon-carbon composite material and lithium titanate,
• wherein the lithium-skeleton carbon composite material is a microparticle material composed of a carbon-based porous microsphere material having pores with a pore size of 1 to 100 nm and metallic lithium present on the surface of and in the pores of the carbon-based porous microsphere material, and the microparticle material has a particle size D50 of 5 to 20 μm,
• wherein the carbon-based porous microsphere material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbon nanofiber microsphere material and a carbon nanotube microsphere material, wherein the carbon nanofiber microsphere material or the carbon nanotube microsphere material are respectively formed by entangling and agglomerating carbon nanofibers or carbon nanotubes with each other, and the microsphere is full of carbon nanofibers or carbon nanotubes in its interior, with nanoscale pores being present in its interior and on its surface, and
• wherein the binder comprises at least one of
• carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC);
• poly(acrylic acid);
• polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE);
• poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA);
• and
• poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO).